the current epidemic of diabetes indicates the need of proper and effective medications that are limited in their potency to have many side effects. thus, introduction of alternative and complementary medicine is now in picture. the main objective of this study was to analyze the rate of glucose transport across cell membrane in yeast cells system in the presence of the ethanolic extract of bru...

BACKGROUND Cellular respiration is the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose and is a very important biological process in living cell. As cells do cellular respiration, they need a pathway to store and transport electrons, the electron transport chain. The function of the electron transport chain is to produce a trans-membrane proton electrochemical gradient as a result of oxidatio...

To assess possible cellular mechanisms of in vitro resistance in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), maximum insulin-stimulated glucose transport and utilization and insulin binding were measured in adipocytes isolated from weight-matched normal glycemic subjects and patients with NIDDM. Glucose transport rate was determined by measuring the amount of [U-14C]-D-glucose taken up by i...

Background-—We recently reported that a bifunctional nuclear transport modifier (NTM), cSN50.1 peptide, reduced atherosclerosis, plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose along with liver fat and inflammatory markers, in a murine model of familial hypercholesterolemia. We determined that cSN50.1 improved lipid homeostasis by modulating nuclear transport of sterol regulatory element-binding...

Fasting in the rat is associated with a rapid and progressive decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose transport activity in adipose cells, which is not only restored to normal, but increased transiently to supranormal levels by refeeding. The mechanisms for these changes in glucose transport activity appear to involve alterations in both glucose transporter number and intrinsic activity (glucose...

GLUCOSE TRANSPORT FACILITATORS (GLUT proteins) mediate the transport of glucose and other monosaccharides into and out of mammalian cells and therefore play a pivotal role in maintaining blood glucose concentrations in a normal range between 4.5 and 6 mM (14). In addition, GLUT proteins are involved in the glucose-sensing machinery; e.g., in pancreatic -cells, GLUT2 participates in the regulati...

Glucose is the most important carbohydrate in human metabolism. Many body tissues depend on glucose as a primary source of energy. To ensure that a sufficient supply is always available, the blood glucose concentration is maintained around 5 mM. In addition, the tissues retain an abundance of glucose transporters to facilitate glucose movement across the cell membranes.' The transporters are in...

Glucose transport by jejunal mucosa in vitro and kidney in vivo was investigated in a 3 yr old patient with congenital glucose-galactose malabsorption, her family, and 16 normal volunteers. Glucose transport by normal human jejunal mucosa was concentrative, saturable, sodium and energy dependent, and exhibited competitive inhibition. Biopsy specimens from six normal controls and an asymptomatic...

The influence of lindane (gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane) on fluidity of plasma membranes from rat renal cortical tubules has been investigated. Preincubation with lindane increased membrane fluidity. This effect was accompanied by (i) a decrease in the transport of glucose with regard to the controls and (ii) an inhibition of the beta-adrenergic stimulatory activity upon cyclic AMP accumulation. ...

Skeletal muscle insulin resistance, which increases the risk for developing various metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, is a common metabolic disorder in obesity and aging. If potential treatments are to be developed to treat insulin resistance, then it is important to fully understand insulin signaling and glucose metabolism. While recent large-scale "omics" studies have revealed th...