Mobile phone is the most widely used mobile device. Every mobile phone user can conveniently communicate with each other through SMS (Short Message Service) text messages at very low price. It is so commonly used that, in some countries like China, an SMS culture has emerged. Although there are some SMS based applications in m-Learning, most of them are only for administrative purposes, like de...

The impact of patents and patent royalties are a major concern of standards setting organisations. Here we examine the patents filed in the UMTS 3rd generation mobile phone standard, governed by the ETSI IPR policy in response to patent issues faced during the earlier GSM standardization. We contrast firm strategies and policy effectiveness between the GSM and UTMS efforts, and review the poten...

This paper describes a smart bushfire monitoring system that can provide an early warning message in case of a bushfire. The system utilises short message service through global system for mobile (GSM) communication technology as a medium of communication. The device is composed of a temperature and humidity sensors that are connected to a microcontroller. The microcontroller also interfaces wi...

We propose a new approach to solving the spectrum scarcity problem, called spectrum access scheduling (SAS), which allows heterogeneous wireless systems to share the same spectrum band using protocol engineering methods. SAS treats the collection of wireless systems as an ecosystem, and optimizes the system performance by collaborative designs. The key architectural component in realizing SAS i...

Existence of low level electromagnetic fields in the environment has been known since antiquity and their biological implications are noted for several decades. As such dosimetry of such field parameters and their emissions from various sources of mass utilization has been a subject of constant concern. Recent advancement in mobile communications has also drawn attention to their biological eff...

كچ ي هد فده و هقباس : شبات ،هتشذگ ههد لوط رد ناديم زا يشان يريگ نتنآ زا لصاح يسيطانغمورتكلا ياه هدـنريگ ياه / ت هدنتسرف تسا هتفاي شيازفا هارمه نفل . هعلاطم نيا In vivo جاوما رثا يسررب روظنم هب 950 نـفلت متسيس زترهاگم هارمه GSM ينلاوط تيوقت رب تدم ) LTP ( هيحان Dentate gyrus تفرگ تروص . شور و داوم اه : 32 ر أ داژن زا ركذم يهاگشيامزآ گرزب شوم س Wistar دودح ينس اب 3 نزو و هام 15 ± 220 ـ گ ،مر...

As the cellular industry has evolved from first-generation to third-generation cellular systems, system architects have refined the role of nodes in the network. In hindsight, one can say that the architects of firstgeneration cellular systems, such as AMPS and NMT, had quite modest expectations regarding the scope of future traffic volumes. Accordingly, a simple architecture could meet these m...

The paper presents results of research on effects long term continuous animals exposure to multi-frequency electromagnetic fields the mobile communication standards (GSM, UMTS and LTE). Prooxidant antioxidant activity was investigated in blood exposed Wistar rats. were continuously at frequencies 1800, 2100 2600 MHz with total power density 250 muW/cm2 (GSM-20%; UMTS-20%; LTE-60%). Peripheral s...