When male guinea pigs were given a single dose of Cd (2.0 mg Cd2+/kg, ip) 72 hr prior to sacrifice, the hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH) level did not change although glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities toward the substrates 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene (DCNB), ethacrynic acid (EAA), and 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy) propane (ENPP) increased significant...

The level of induction of three cytosolic glutathione-S-transferase (GST) classes has been compared in L5178Y murine lymphoblasts resistant to either the quinone-containing compound, hydrolyzed benzoquinone mustard (HBM), or the aromatic alkylating agent aniline mustard (AM). Three established cell lines, L5178Y/HBM2, L5178Y/HBM10, and the partial revertant, L5178Y/HBMR, were 2.5-, 6-, and 2.9-...

The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play an important role in the cell's defense against toxic substances. The GSTs are a family of enzymes produced by several genes that interact with distinct but overlapping substrates and that may play a role in resistance of tumor cells to several chemotherapeutic agents. We examined the correlation between expression of GSTs determined by immunohistochem...

The development of multidrug resistance in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and the acquisition of broad resistance to xenobiotics in rat hyperplastic nodules are both associated with increased P-glycoprotein (mdr) gene expression as well as changes in activities of intracellular detoxication enzymes; among these changes is a significant increase in the activity of the anionic isozyme of glutath...

BACKGROUND Overexpression of glutathione S-transferase (GST; EC 2.5. 1.18) has been documented in the erythrocytes of patients with chronic renal failure, and this event may well be of relevance from a clinical standpoint. In fact, it could serve as a marker of uremic toxicity overall, which can contribute to impair the function and survival of the erythrocytes. However, the biochemical details...

Whole-genome duplication (WGD), or polyploidy, is a major force in plant genome evolution. A duplicate of all genes is present in the genome immediately following a WGD event. However, the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for the loss of, or retention and subsequent functional divergence of polyploidy-derived duplicates remain largely unknown. In this study we reconstructed the evolutionary ...

Selenium-enriched Japanese radish sprouts (Se-enriched JRS), in which Se-methylselenocysteine accounted for 80% of Se compounds, inhibited mammary tumorigenesis induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in rats. The effects of Se-enriched JRS on the oxidative stress-scavenging enzymes were investigated in rats. F344 female rats were fed test diets, in which Se-enriched JRS was added at 0, 2.4, ...

Tax has been recognized as one of the main sources of governments’ income. Goods and Services Tax (GST) is an example of tax that contributes to the governments’ income.  is tax has been implemented in many countries such as Canada, Australia and New Zealand. GST is a tax imposed on the sale of goods and services. In recent years, this issue on GST has been raised by the Malaysian Government a...

Multidrug resistance correlates with unfavourable treatment outcomes in numerous cancers including renal cell carcinoma. The expression and clinical relevance of Glutathione-S-transferase-pi (GST-pi), a multidrug resistance factor, in kidney tumors remain controversial. We analyzed the expression of GST-pi in 60 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded renal cell carcinoma samples by immunohistochemis...

background: hydatid cysts are formed in human body can be treated clinically by surgery or drugs such as albendazole (abz) and mebendazole (mbz). the purpose of this study was comparing the effects of abz and mbz on glutathione-s-transferase, alkaline phosphatase and protease enzymes activities in protoscoleces of hydatid cyst. methods: the culture supernatants containing the parasite excretory...