Onboard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided radiotherapy is now clinically available in nine centers in the world. This technology has facilitated the clinical implementation of online adaptive radiotherapy (OART), or the ability to alter the daily treatment plan based on tumor and anatomical changes in real-time while the patient is on the treatment table. However, due to the time sensitiv...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Genetic, epigenetic, and expression analyses have refined the traditional, histopathology-based classification of diffusely infiltrating gliomas. This review summarizes these trends and implications for elderly patients. RECENT FINDINGS The vast majority of diffusely infiltrating gliomas in elderly patients share an unfavorable molecular phenotype, that is, telomerase revers...

BACKGROUND Intracranial malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are rare entities that carry a poor prognosis. To date, there are no established therapeutic strategies for these tumors. METHODS We review the present treatment modalities and present the current therapeutic dilemmas. We perform a statistical analysis to evaluate the prognostic factors for Overall Survival of these patients. Ad...

A patient with progressive visual loss was found to have an optic nerve sheath meningioma. The patient was treated with stereotactic radiotherapy, a computer-guided stereotactic technique that minimizes the risk of radiation-induced optic neuropathy. Six months after treatment, the patient was doing well and showed no signs of radiation-induced optic neuropathy.

Radiobiological limitations for dose escalation in external radiotherapy are presented. Biological and clinical concept of brachytherapy boost to increase treatment efficacy is discussed, and different methods are compared. Oncentra Prostate 3D conformal real-time ultrasound-guided brachytherapy is presented as a solution for boost or sole therapy.

We describe the case of a 54-year-old female with severe aortic stenosis and a background of severe comorbidities including prior radiotherapy for Hodgkin’s lymphoma, splenectomy, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, scleroderma with laryngeal and esophageal involvement, and systemic and pulmonary hypertension. The patient underwent totally video-guided aortic valve replacement through...

Medical image fusion plays an important role in clinical applications such as image-guided surgery, image-guided radiotherapy, noninvasive diagnosis, and treatment planning. In order to retain useful information and get more reliable results, a novel medical image fusion algorithm based on pulse coupled neural networks (PCNN) and multi-feature fuzzy clustering is proposed, which makes use of th...

BACKGROUND Children with high-grade glioma still have a poor prognosis despite the use of multimodal therapy including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. New therapeutic strategies and methods evaluating such therapies are needed. OBSERVATION Here we describe a child with anaplastic oligodendroglioma of the spinal cord who was unable to tolerate standard chemoradiotherapy and who had st...

Indium-111 radioimmunoscintigraphy (RIS) has an increasing role in the treatment of prostate cancer and is most commonly performed at this disease site using labeled monoclonal antibody against prostate-specific membrane antigen. There are many limitations of RIS, including low spatial resolution, low diagnostic yield and limited availability. Despite these limitations, the efficacy of RIS has ...

Pseudoaneurysm is a pulsating hematoma that results from a tangential injury to an arterial vessel wall and could represent a complication after trauma. In head and neck region pseudoaneurysm is rare but could have catastrophic consequences. For this reason it must be recognized to prevent such events as hemorrhage or acute occlusion of the airway. In literature a pseudoaneurysm arising from su...