Microalloyed cast steels are a group of microalloyed steels in which reliable mechanical properties could be achieved by heat treatment. In this work, the heat treatment processes were carried out on the cast specimens as the step samples by different thicknesses and Zr content. The results show that after homogenization, variations in thickness have no effect on the hardness. Also, after hea...

Modern vehicle bodies make intensive use of high strength steel grades to meet the contradicting demand of lighter weight and simultaneously better mechanical performance. For many steel grades microalloying by niobium is the key to achieve their characteristic property profile. In HSLA steels niobium enhances the strength primarily by grain refinement. In interstitial free high strength steels...

Adolescence may be defined as the period of life 'rom the end of childhood, and indicated physically by the bodily changes associated with puberty, continuing until full physical development is achieved, and adult status in society is recognised. Unfortunately there is incomplete agreement as to the time-period involved. Some authors (Sandstrom) consider the years from 12-16, the age 10-12 bein...

The off-switch game is a game theoretic model of a highly intelligent robot interacting with a human. In the original paper by Hadfield-Menell et al. (2016b), the analysis is not fully game-theoretic as the human is modelled as an irrational player, and the robot’s best action is only calculated under unrealistic normality and soft-max assumptions. In this paper, we make the analysis fully game...

For almost two decades now, Luc Steels has been a leading pioneer of two novel approaches to studying language evolution. Methodologically, he has pioneered the artificial approach [1, henceforth AA]; theoretically, he has pioneered the cultural approach [2, henceforth CA]. In this paper [3], Steels (i) situates these approaches within their broader scientific context, (ii) provides an integrat...

Cryogenic treatment (CT) is the supplementary process to conventional heat treatment process in steels, by deep–freezing materials at cryogenic temperatures to enhance the mechanical and physical properties of materials being treated. Cryogenic treatment (CT) of materials has shown significant improvement in their properties .Various advantages like increase in hardness, increase in wear resist...

This paper presents a system that simulates the emergence of realistic vowel systems in a population of agents that try to imitate each other as well as possible. The agents start with no knowledge of the sound system at all. Although none of the agents has a global view of the language, and none of the agents does explicit optimization, a coherent vowel system emerges that happens to be optima...

The depth of scientific understanding of martensitic transformations provides a strong foundation for the predictive design of materials exploiting artensitic phenomena. Recent theoretical advances supporting this capability include twoand three-dimensional applications of Landau–Ginzburg heory to martensitic nucleation, and important refinements of multiscale kinetic theory. Accurate control o...

The oxidation of stainless steels 304 and 304L during hot rolling is studied in this paper. Results show the oxide scale thickness decreases significantly with an increase of reduction, and the oxide scales of both 304 and 304L stainless steels were found more deformable than the steel substrate. Surface roughness shows a complicated transfer during the hot rolling process due to the complexity...

3 IMR KINKEN Research Highlights 2012 IMR KINKEN Research Highlights 2012 To reduce the fuel consumption by automobiles, medium carbon steels for forging parts, such as shafts and connecting rods, must be further strengthened. When carbide-forming elements such as Ti, Nb, and V, are alloyed with carbon steels, a fine dispersion of alloy carbides and large precipitation hardening can be achieved...