Kidney stone disease has become more common in children, but it remains non diagnosed in a significant proportion of patients, due to a lack of notable signs and symptoms. All children with colicky abdominal pain or microscopic hematuria should be examined thoroughly for urolithiasis. Patients’ histories in terms of family, medical, and drug and a thorough physical examination are require...

Renal stone disease covers kidney and lower urinary tract stones caused by a variety of conditions, including metabolic and inherited disorders, and anatomical defects with or without chronic urinary infection. Most cases are idiopathic, in which there is undoubtedly a genetic predisposition, but where environmental and lifestyle factors play an important role. Indeed, it is becoming apparent t...

Curling is a sport played on ice in which two teams each deliver 8 granite stones towards a target, or 'house'. It is the only sport in which the trajectory of the projectile can be influenced after it has been released by the athlete. This is achieved by sweeping the ice in front of the stone to change the stone-ice friction and thereby enable to stone to travel further, curl more or stay stra...

The purpose of this study was to define factors that have a significant impact on the stone-free rate after ESWL. Methods: A total of 417 patients harboring renal or ureteral stones underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) between October 2008 and July 2012. Eighty five patients were lost on follow up. The remaining (n = 332). All patients were >18 yr of age. Siemens and SLX-F2 el...

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of performing shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) before retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) on the treatment outcomes of patients with nephrolithiasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data of 189 patients with renal stones who underwent RIRS from July 2007 to July 2014 was reviewed retrospectively. Patients with stones larger than 1.5 cm were recommended to undergo SWL b...

PURPOSE The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of tamsulosin on stone clearance after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in patients with a single proximal ureteral stone. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective randomized controlled trial was performed on 88 patients with a single proximal ureteral stone. After consenting with a doctor, the patients were allocated ...

A range of algebras between lattices and Boolean algebras generalise the notion of a complement. We develop a hierarchy of these pseudo-complemented algebras that includes Stone algebras. Independently of this theory we study filters based on partial orders. Both theories are combined to prove Chen and Grätzer’s construction theorem for Stone algebras. The latter involves extensive reasoning ab...

BACKGROUND A wide variety of complications due to the extrauterine migration of intrauterine contraceptive devices have been reported in the literature. Here we describe the case of a large bladder stone formed around a migrated Copper T380A device that was neglected and detected 15 years after insertion. CASE PRESENTATION A 48-year-old Sri Lankan woman underwent a workup for lower urinary tr...

PURPOSE Urolithiasis develops more frequently in patients with a family history (FHx). However, little is known about risk factors in stone formers with a FHx. The aim of this study was to examine the clinico-metabolic characteristics of urinary stone formers according to FHx. MATERIALS AND METHODS A database of 1,068 stone formers who underwent a complete metabolic evaluation was reviewed. T...

A study was undertaken to analyses the heritability, correlation and path co-efficient for growth and fruit characters in twenty ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam) genotypes grown at Fruit Research Farm under Horticulture Research Centre, BARI during January to June 2006. The highest range of variation was recorded in fruit weight (6.63-44.72 g), followed by yield per plant (14.88 64.99 kg), stone w...