The present study evaluates health risk assessment for inhabitants who are exposed to chromium in fishes and vegetables of the Gulshan Lake. In the fish, chromium concentration has amounted to 2.2 to 149.7 mg/kg, while in vegetables leaf and vegetables stem it has been 5.6 mg/kg and 12.0 mg/kg, respectively. What is more, in sediment it has been 179.5 to 308 mg/kg and in water, 4.0 to 16.9 mg/l...

BACKGROUND Among individuals without diabetes, elevated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality, but the literature is sparse regarding the prognostic importance of low HbA1c. METHODS AND RESULTS National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (NHANES III) participants, 20 years and older, were followed up to 12 years (median follow-up, 8.8 years...

Predicting outcomes that occur over time is important in clinical, population health, and health services research. We compared changes in different measures of performance when a novel risk factor or marker was added to an existing Cox proportional hazards regression model. We performed Monte Carlo simulations for common measures of performance: concordance indices ( c, including various exten...

Shift work involving disruption of circadian rhythms has been classified as a probable cause of human cancer by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, based on limited epidemiologic evidence and abundant experimental evidence. The authors investigated this association in a population-based prospective cohort study of Chinese women. At baseline (1996-2000), information on lifetime occu...

The rock mass erosion of dam spillways, a phenomenon involving the interaction between hydraulic load water and capability to resist its destruction, remains critical safety issue. resistance can be estimated through several erodibility indices, including those Kirsten, Pells or Bollaert. Several indices have been developed link parameters water, i.e., applied on mass. use average flow velocity...

background: tea is the most popular nonalcoholic beverage worldwide. in recent years, some iranian studies have shown the occurrence of toxic elements in fresh or dried tealeaves as well as in brewed tea. the present study aimed to ascertain the health risks associated with exposure to toxic and essential element through black tea consumption in iran by systematically reviewing the accredited a...

the present study was conducted to determine peak ground acceleration (pga) over bedrock in probabilistic analysis methods for the seismic hazard and uniform hazard spectra at different hazard levels for esfahan city. a series of statistics containing historical and instrumental seismic data covering from the 8th century a.d. to the now up to a radius of 200 km was employed and seismic sources ...

Background The prognostic value of the bone scan index (BSI) in metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) remained controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to determine the predictive value of BSI and survival in patients with mPCa. Materials and Methods A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane library databases. Hazard ratios (HRs), concordance i...

The incidence of heatstroke has been increasing in Japan, and future climate change is likely to increase heatstroke risk. We therefore developed a method to quantify the spatial distribution of outdoor heatstroke risk and predicted future changes in this risk considering the predicted climate change in Sendai, Japan. Heatstroke risk was quantified by assessing hazard, vulnerability and exposur...

Drought is a complex hazard, and it has an impact on agricultural, ecological, and socio-economic systems. The vegetation condition index (VCI), which is derived from remote-sensing data, has been widely used for drought monitoring. However, VCI based on the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) does not perform well in certain circumstances. In this study, we examined the utility of th...