BACKGROUND Intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC) are the three most frequently used injection routes in medication administration. Comparative studies of SC versus IV, IM versus IV, or IM versus SC have been sporadically conducted, and some new findings are completely different from the dosage recommendation as described in prescribing information. However, clinicians may ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of different CBCT imaging monitor units (MUs), reconstruction slice thicknesses, and planning CT slice thicknesses on the positioning accuracy of a megavoltage cone-beam computed tomography (MV-CBCT) system in image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) in head-and-neck patients. The MV-CBCT system was a Siemens MVision, a commercial system inte...

Introduction: The utilization of high-energy photons in the medical linear accelerator can lead to photoneutron production. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the physical components of the head, including flattening filter (FF) andmultileaf collimator (MLC), as well as the dependence of therapeutic field size on the photoneutron spectrum, dose, and flux. <str...

background: one of the most important activities in educational processes is evaluation of students. for evaluating the students’ professional performance, selecting an appropriate evaluation system is important. the aim of this study was to assess the clinical performance of medical interns and its affecting factors by mini-cex test. methods: this study was semi-experimental and mini-cex test ...

With increasing cancer incidence in Africa, a number of Sub-Saharan African countries have started implementing radiotherapy programs based on linear accelerator (linac) technology. This work summarizes the commissioning experience commercially available medical linac installed resource-limited oncology centre Cameroon for delivery high-quality radiation treatments to patients central Africa. i...

Soft tissue images from portable cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanners can be used for diagnosis and detection of tumor, cancer, intracerebral hemorrhage, and so forth. Due to large field of view, X-ray scattering which is the main cause of artifacts degrades image quality, such as cupping artifacts, CT number inaccuracy, and low contrast, especially on soft tissue images. In this work,...

objective: using megavoltage photons generated by medical linear accelerator is a common modality for the treatment of malignant. the crucial problem for using photon beams >8mv is the photoneutron yields that increase the risk of secondary cancer that treated with high-energy photon beams. the contaminated neutrons produced in different components of the accelerator head and rely on many param...

From the ¶Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, †Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, ‡Medicine and Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425; ∫Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Orleans, LA 70112; and ¥Abant Izzet Baysal University, Izzet Baysal...

*Corresponding author: Dr. Tayyeb Allahverdi Pourfallah, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Fax: +98 21 88973653 E-mail: [email protected] Background: Polymer gel dosimetry is still the only dosimetry method for direct measuring of threedimensional dose distributions. MRI Polymer gel dosimeters are tissue equi...