BACKGROUND AKT phosphorylation is a critical step in the activation of growth factor receptors and can mediate tumor resistance to anthracyclines. We evaluated the expression patterns and predictive value of phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) in breast cancer tissues. PATIENTS AND METHODS pAKT expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 823 tumors from patients with early breast cancer enrolled...

The activity of alginic acid as a cytotoxic agent was improved by structure modification using 4-aminophenol (4-AP) through condensation and polymerization processes. Then, silver nanoparticles were employed doping to further enhance the modified polymer. prepared materials characterized FT-IR, 1HNMR, UV spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, thermal behavior all synthesized inte...

Background:Treatment of recurrent breast cancer, like treatment early-stage is based on consideration tumor biology and clinical history. Thus, characterization hormonal HER2 status critical for all patients, a detailed assessment past treatment, including timing therapies as well patient symptoms functional assessment, essential. Determination hormone receptor should be repeated in cases first...

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) is an important target for the treatment of the breast cancers in which it is overexpressed. However, no approved anti-HER2/neu therapy is available for the majority of breast cancer patients, who express HER2/neu at low levels (with scores of 1+ or 2+/fluorescence in situ hybridization-negative). The trifunctional antibody ertumaxomab targets...

We analyzed 75 cases of invasive ductal mammary carcinoma type NOS and focused on comparative investigation of hormonal receptors (estrogen receptor ER and progesterone receptor PR) and Her2/neu oncoprotein expression, according to which we ranked the cases in molecular classification subtypes, determining certain correlations between them and morphoclinical prognostic factors. 73.4% of cases w...

PURPOSE HER2 overexpression has been associated with a poor prognosis and resistance to therapy in breast cancer patients. We are developing molecular probes for in vivo quantitative imaging of HER2 receptors using near-infrared (NIR) optical imaging. The goal is to provide probes that will minimally interfere with the studied system, that is, whose binding does not interfere with the binding o...

BACKGROUND HER2 antagonists (anti-HER2; e.g., trastuzumab and lapatinib) are effective in treating an aggressive form of breast cancer (BC), but can cause cardiotoxicity due to the disruption in neuregulin (NRG)/HER2+ ligand receptor signalling. The recent data show that NRG-HER2 receptors located in the medulla oblongata are important regulators of vasomotor tone. Disrupting the NRG-HER2 signa...

HER2/neu (also known as neu and as c-erbB-2) is a protooncogene of the EGF receptor family of receptor tyrosine kinases (1). HER2/neu encodes a Mr185,000 transmembrane glycoprotein receptor (HER2, or c-erbB-2) that has partial homology with the other members of the EGF receptor family, and which also includes the EGF receptor (also called HER1), HER3, and HER4. These receptors are composed of a...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of Ki-67 expression on core needle biopsy (CNB) and the surgical specimens of invasive breast cancer. We examined the concordance rate of Ki-67 expressions, hormone receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status from a CNB with from a surgery in invasive breast cancer. Methods: A retrospective study was conducte...

PURPOSE To study the role of breast cancer molecular subtypes according to hormone receptors and HER2 status as a predictive factor for pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients received one of the two chemotherapy schedules every two weeks with prophylactic growth factor support; schedule A: epirubicin 90 mg/m2-cyclophosphamide 6...