csn1s1is one of the major genes encoding milk proteins of mammals. in this study we determined allele frequencies of csn1s1-5` flanking region as well as exon 17 variants and their effects on milk traits in three indigenous cattle breeds mazandarani, golpaygani (bos indicus) and sarabi (bos taurus) and holstein cattle in iran. csn1s1*b variant was nearly fixed in holstein but ranged from 0.40 t...

Estimates of allele frequencies at six polymorphic loci were collected over eight generations in two populations of Euphydryas editha. We have estimated, in addition, the effective population size for each generation for both populations with results from mark-recapture and other field data. The variation in allele frequencies generated by random genetic drift was then studied using computer si...

The GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR4 (OsGRF4) allele is an important target for the development of new high nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) rice lines that would require less fertilizers. Detection OsGRF4 through PCR (polymerase chain reaction)-based assay cumbersome and needs advanced laboratory skills facilities. Hence, a method conveniently rapidly detecting on-field key requirement further research ...

Anticancer agents that have minimal effects on normal cells and tissues are ideal cancer drugs. Here, we show specific inhibition of human cancer cells carrying oncogenic mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene by means of oncogenic allele-specific RNA interference (RNAi), both in vivo and in vitro. The allele-specific RNAi (ASP-RNAi) treatment did not affect normal cells ...

recurrent aphthous stomatitis (ras) is known as the most common chronic disease of the oral cavity, which affects a range of 5-25% of the population. ras appears to be associated with some human leukocyte antigen (hla) class ii alleles and haplotypes. this study attempts to survey the distribution of hla-drb and -dqb alleles among iranian ras patients and healthy controls. in order to evaluate ...

background : apolipoprotein e (apoe) gene encodes an important protein in reforming injuries of central nervous system (cns). it is assumed that various apoe alleles may be functionally different. the purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of apoe genotypes in multiple sclerosis (ms) patients in a small cohort of iranians. methods : in this case-control study, blood samples o...

prions are unprecedented infectious pathogens that cause a group of invariably fatal neurodegenerative disease by an entirely novel mechanism. the conformational change in prion proteins results in a change from a predominantly α-helical protein to a β-sheet form, which causes scrapie in sheep and goat. the present study was carried out to identify polymorphisms of the prion protein gene (prp) ...

A probabilistic safety assessment model has been developed for assessing the performance of near surface disposal facilities for low-level radioactive waste. Two modes of disposal such as single dump and multiple dump are considered in the model. The model is composed of four components: source term, repository failure, geosphere transport and radiological assessment. The source term contains l...

Due to serious environmental problem and strict regulations to control pollution, researchers across the globe are putting their effort to find clean, renewable, greener and cost effective method to produce biochemical from biomass. The aim of this article was to highlight the method to extract phenolic compounds from crude pyrolysis oil using switchable hydrophilicity solvents (SHS). The pyrol...

In the context of Service Oriented Computing, contracts are descriptions of the externally observable behaviour of services. Given a group of collaborating services, their contracts can be used to verify whether their composition is sound, i.e., the services are compliant. In this paper, we relate the theory of contracts with the notion of choreography conformance, used to check whether an aggr...