magnetotelluric (mt) method is a passive electromagnetic technique that uses the natural, time varying electric and magnetic field components measured at right angles at the surface of the earth to make inferences about the earth’s electrical structure which, in turn, can be related to the geology tectonics and subsurface conditions. reflection and refraction of electromagnetic (em) signals at ...

This paper proposes an analysis of high-impedance fault detection algorithms for medium voltage distribution lines based on the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) technique and a more advanced named independent component (ICA) independently. Three-phase line model two diodes high impedance model, which represents unsymmetrical current electric arc, simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. High (HIF) algo...

The accurate detection and identification of intermittent cable faults are helpful in improving the reliability distribution system. This paper proposes fault for networks based on machine-learning (ML) techniques. For this reason, IEEE 33 bus system is simulated radial mesh topologies by considering all possible single- three-phase electrical limitations to collect high-resolution voltage curr...

La0.67 Ca0.33 MnO3 thin films were investigated using nanosecond duration electrical pulses. It was found that strong (up to 30 kV/cm) electric fields significantly reduces the resistance of the film and shifts the peak in resistance vs. temperature dependence to higher temperatures. The results are discussed using a model based on fast spin and charge system response to electric field action o...

This paper deal with an analytical and simulation of the application of distance relay for the protection of line transmission high voltage 220 kV employing series capacitors compensating devices. A detailed modelling of series compensated (SC) is proposed and integrated in transmission system. The studies also include different challenges which the protection engineer may face such as current ...

The transmission lines of an electricity system are susceptible to a wide range unusual fault conditions. line, the longest part grid, sometimes passes through wooded areas. Storms, cyclones, and poor vegetation management (including tree cutting) increase risk cross-country faults (CCFs) high-impedance (HIF) syndrome in these regions. Recognizing classifying CCFs associated with HIF is most ch...

Feeder identification is indispensable for distribution networks to locate faults at a specific feeder, especially when measuring devices are insufficient more precisely. For the high impedance fault (HIF), feeder much challengeable and related approaches still in early stage. This paper thoroughly reveals nonlinearity characteristics of different feeders HIF happens three-wire system that with...

The electrical effects of CMOS IC physical defects that caused stuck-open faults are evaluated, including their voltage levels, quiescent power supply current (IDDQ), transient response, and important testing considerations. The transient responses of the defective node voltage and power supply current to the high impedance state caused by a stuck-open defect were measured to determine if the I...

Single phase line-broken (SPLB) fault is one kind of high impedance (HIF). When a SPLB occurs, there are four scenarios: with neither side conductors grounded (SPLB-NSCG), source conductor only (SPLB-SSCG), load (SPLB-LSCG), both (SPLB-BSCG). Traditional HIF detection methods using current or voltage characteristics have low sensitivity to fault. In this paper, analysed firstly in the cases fir...