in this paper we study the zagreb index in bucket recursive trees containing buckets with variable capacities. this model was introduced by kazemi in 2012. weobtain the mean and variance of the zagreb index andintroduce a martingale based on this quantity.

Iran is an actual neighboring state of Afghanistan and shares a long border 936 km. critical country with stakes in historical, cultural, economic, linguistic ties. After the withdrawal Soviet troops, civil war erupted Afghanistan; as result war, Taliban emerged supported Northern Alliance against militants. Tehran considered regime threat to its national security because follows Sunni sect Isl...

Statistical analyses of the measurements Hubble-Lema\^itre constant $H_0$ (163 between 1976 and 2019) show that statistical error bars associated with observed parameter have been underestimated -- or systematic errors were not properly taken into account in at least 15-20\% measurements. The fact underestimation for is so common might explain apparent discrepancy values, which formally known t...

The present paper aims for the most part to prove the fact that religious and spiritual places and above all, mosques play major roles within Islamic urban areas. They are in fact the basis of civil infrastructures. A historical analysis focusing on where mosques stand in Islamic urban areas reveals that mosques have always been the center of development and growth and that they must be studied...

Recent progress in the digitization of heterogeneous collections of ancient documents has rekindled new challenges in information retrieval in digital libraries and document layout analysis. Therefore, in order to control the quality of historical document image digitization and to meet the need of a characterization of their content using intermediate level metadata (between image and document...