In 1893, Maydl’ conceived of a plan for introducing an anesthetic through a tracheal tube; and Eisenmenger’ added an inflatable cuff around the distal end of the tube. However nothing was done with these ideas for over a quarter of a century. In 1924, Waters2 described the “carbon-dioxide absorption” method of anesthesia, and four years later Waters and Guedel3 published an article on the “Intr...

Various medical specialty organizations and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) have advocated using ultrasonography to guide central venous cannulation. It is surprising then, that very few instructional models have been described to teach this technique. Consequently, we developed a model to teach ultrasound-guided central venous access. This paper presents a recipe for an u...

What we are looking for are functions ρ(x, t) such that, when they are placed in Equation 1.1 the equation holds true. There may be many such functions (such as ρ(x, t) = 0), but we are only interested in the physically meaningful or interesting (non trivial) solutions. A rule of thumb for solving physics problems is to know the answer before you start, otherwise you don’t know if you are doing...

Strain DC-200T was isolated from homemade compost produced from kitchen refuse and characterized using a polyphasic approach. The isolate was a Gram-positive motile short rod, facultatively aerobic, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative, and was able to grow at 10-37 degrees C, pH 6.0-9.5 and with up to 5% of NaCl. The peptidoglycan was of the type B1 alpha and the muramic acid residues were g...