Seed coating (‘seed treatment’) is the leading delivery method of neonicotinoid insecticides in major crops such as soybean, wheat, cotton and maize. However, this prophylactic use neonicotinoids widely discussed from standpoint environmental costs. Growing soybean plants neonicotinoid-coated seeds field, we demonstrate that aphids (Aphis glycines) survived treatment, excreted honeydew containi...
