This review deals with the development and hormonal responses of mouse and human mammary glands. A major focus of the review is the role of mesenchymal-epithelial interactions in embryonic mammary development and the role of stromal-epithelial interactions in mammary gland biology. Finally, we present a new model for studying growth, differentiation and hormonal response in human breast epithel...

Fibroblasts constitute the majority of the stromal cells within bovine mammary gland, yet the functional contributions of these cells to mastitis and fibrosis and the mechanism are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that inflammation-associated fibroblasts (INFs) extracted from bovine mammary glands with clinical mastitis had different expression pattern regarding to several extra...

objective: nanosilver has numerous applications in medicine due to its potent antibacterial activity. however, data regarding the bio-safety of its effective concentrations is scarce. this study aims to assess the toxicity of silver nanoparticles on human gingival epithelial cells under in-vitro conditions.   methods: this in vitro study evaluated the toxic effects of filtered and unfiltered na...

Abstract Trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that efficiently delivers a highly potent microtubule inhibitor to HER2 overexpressing cells. Herein, we utilize transformed human mammary epithelial cells (HME2) demonstrate in vitro and vivo response recurrence upon T-DM1 treatment. Continuous dosing of HME2 with failed produce spontaneously resistant cell line. Howeve...

A technique for the transplantation of mouse mammary epithelial cells, grown in collagen gels, has been developed that demonstrates that the phenotype of the cells prior to culture was not altered by the culture conditions. Mammary epithelial cells from virgin and midpregnant C57BL/Crgl mice; virgin, midpregnant, and multiparous nonpregnant BALB/cfC3H/Crgl mice; a BALB/c hyperplastic alveolar n...

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been considered as a potential target for development anticancer therapeutics. Here, we report novel mechanism by which the cyclopentenone prostaglandin, 15-deoxy-?12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) functions an allosteric inhibitor STAT3. 15d-PGJ2 inhibits phosphorylation, dimerization, nuclear translocation, transcriptional activit...

Senescence, a state of stable growth arrest, plays an important role in ageing and age-related diseases vivo. Although the INK4/ARF locus is known to be essential for senescence programmes, key regulators driving p16 ARF transcription remain largely underexplored. Using siRNA screening modulators p16/pRB ARF/p53/p21 pathways deeply senescent human mammary epithelial cells (DS HMECs) fibroblasts...

The regenerative capacity of the mammary gland following post-lactational involution depends on the presence of multipotent stem or progenitor cells. Mammary progenitor cells exist as a quiescent and self-renewing population capable of differentiating into luminal epithelial and myoepithelial cells and generating ductal and alveolar structures. The fate choices of these cells are regulated by s...