In the past, electrical transmission systems were continuously adding more facilities to their subsystems in order to satisfy the growing customer energy requirements. A utility industry traditionally has relied on a set of deterministic criteria to guide transmission planning. The traditional planning guidelines were based on planner's experience and intuition without a formal and consistent f...

Ciliary movements in protozoa exhibit metachronal wave-like coordination, in which a constant phase difference is maintained between adjacent cilia. It is at present generally thought that metachronal waves require hydrodynamic coupling between adjacent cilia and the extracellular fluid. To test this hypothesis, we aspirated a Paramecium cell using a micropipette which completely sealed the sur...

In this work, different kinetic patterns (homographic, exponential-linear and exponential) of hydraulic resistance in ultrafltration process of a colloidal system have been investigated. Exponential kinetic model, as the best approach, was employed for description of dynamic hydraulic resistance of skim milk ultrafltration at different feed flow rates (FR) (10, 30 and 46 L...

In this work, the particle size distribution measured using the dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique is compared with that obtained from the static light scattering (SLS) technique or provided by the supplier measured using the Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) technique for dilute Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel and standard polystyrene latex samples in dispersion respectively. T...

The obstructions to the existence of a hierarchy of hydrodynamic conservation laws are studied for a multicomponent dispersionless KdV system. It is shown that if an underlying algebra is Jordan, then the lowest obstruction vanishes and that all higher obstructions automatically vanish. Deformations of these multicomponent dispersionless KdV-type equations are also studied. No new obstructions ...

We consider the hydrodynamic limit of a stationary Boltzmann equation in a unit plate with in-flow boundary. The classical theory claims that the solution can be approximated by the sum of interior solution which satisfies steady incompressible Navier-Stokes-Fourier system, and boundary layer derived from Milne problem. In this paper, we construct counterexamples to disprove such formulation in...

Two sets of hydrodynamic equations for a mixture of four gases undergoing a bimolecular chemical reaction are discussed. The former consists in a system of balance laws for the case of a chemical relaxation time of the same order of the macroscopic processes (slow reaction). Conversely, the latter is a system of conservation laws for the case of short chemical relaxation time (fast reaction). A...

A numerical hydrodynamic model of a vibrated granular bed in 2D is elaborated based on a highly accurate Shock Capturing scheme applied to the compressible Navier-Stokes equations for granular flow. The hydrodynamic simulation of granular flows is numerically difficult, particularly in systems where dilute and dense regions occur at the same time and interact with each other. As an example of s...