IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD Transdermal delivery of macromolecules provides an attractive alternative route of drug administration when compared to oral delivery and hypodermic injection because of its ability to bypass the harsh gastrointestinal tract and deliver therapeutics non-invasively. However, the barrier properties of the skin only allow small, hydrophobic permeants to traverse the skin pa...

Aqueous (hydrophilic) and chloroform (Lipophilic) extracts of nine medicinal plants currently used in traditional medicine, in Egypt, to treat some gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders were tested for their gastro-protective effect against the incidence of peptic ulcer. Indomethacin-induced ulcer in a rat model was used for this testing. Mentha microphylla, Brassica oleracea Capitata (Cabbage...

Aqueous (hydrophilic) and chloroform (Lipophilic) extracts of nine medicinal plants currently used in traditional medicine, in Egypt, to treat some gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders were tested for their gastro-protective effect against the incidence of peptic ulcer. Indomethacin-induced ulcer in a rat model was used for this testing. Mentha microphylla, Brassica oleracea Capitata (Cabbage...

Two temperature sensitive drug carriers, poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (PNIPA-co-AA) and poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-vinyl pyrrolidone-acrylic acid) (PNIPA-VP-AA), were successfully synthesized through free radical mechanism. The diameters of PNIPA-co-AA and PNIPA-VP-AA particles can be regulated to be less than 100 nm, which were related to surfactant sodiumdodecyl sulfate and i...

barrier to the permeation of most drugs, and especially as a hydrophobic barrier against hydrophilic drugs and ionized drugs. One possible means of facilitating the transdermal delivery of ionic drugs is through ion-pair formation. Oppositely charged ions can interact to form new species known as ion-pairs. This association reduces or neutralizes electrostatic charges and consequently reduces t...

Pharmacokinetic interactions involving anti-infective drugs may be important in the intensive care unit (ICU). Although some interactions involve absorption or distribution, the most clinically relevant interactions during anti-infective treatment involve the elimination phase. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A4 are the major isoforms responsible for oxidative metabolism of drugs...

The uniform mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (MCNs) with size below 200 nm and good water dispersibility were successfully synthesized via a combined hydrothermal synthesis and hard templating. The prepared MCNs served as effective carriers for camptothecin which efficiently inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cancer cells after its sustained release therein.

Polymeric beads have been used for protection and delivery of bioactive materials, such as drugs and cells, for different biomedical applications. Here, we present a generic two-phase system for the production of polymeric microbeads of gellan gum or alginate, based on a combination of in situ polymerization and phase separation. Polymer droplets, dispensed using a syringe pump, formed polymeri...

The active ingredients of salvia (dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza) include both lipophilic (e.g., tanshinone IIA, tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone and dihydrotanshinone I) and hydrophilic (e.g., danshensu and salvianolic acid B) constituents. The low oral bioavailability of these constituents may limit their efficacy. A solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SMEDDS) was developed t...