A number of antipsychotics, including oral haloperidol, amisulpride and risperidone, are associated with hyperprolactinemia, an adverse effect that is not related to their therapeutic efficacy. This adverse reaction not only has a negative impact on sexual and reproductive function in the short-term, but also produces body weight gain and reduction in bone density, leading in the long-term to o...

sellar and parasellar masses blocking inhibitory hypothalamic dopaminergic tonus can produce hyperprolactinemia. one of these conditions, seldom reported, is internal carotid artery aneurysm causing pituitary stalk compression and hyperprolactinemia, the majority of which is related to small increases in serum prolactin levels. the aim of this study is to report the case of a patient with an in...

Chondrocytes are the only cells in cartilage, and their death by apoptosis contributes to cartilage loss in inflammatory joint diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A putative therapeutic intervention for RA is the inhibition of apoptosis-mediated cartilage degradation. The hormone prolactin (PRL) frequently increases in the circulation of patients with RA, but the role of hyperprolactin...

Although functional hyperprolactinemia originating in the hypothalamus has been observed, there have so far been few reports of this condition occurring in children. This report describes a 1-yr-and-4-mo old boy with hyperprolactinemia due to functional disorder of the hypothalamic region. He was referred to our hospital because of left gynecomastia which had been observed for one month. His le...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of ovariectomy and the hyperprolactinemia procedure in the tibial epiphyseal growth plate of female mice. METHODS In this study, the epiphyseal growth plate of ovariectomized (OVX) and/or rendered hyperprolactinemic female mice by 50 days of treatment with 200 μg metoclopramide (M) was evaluated morphologically, morphometrically and immuno-histochemically. Fort...

Prolactin, administered exogenously, has been shown to be trophic to the liver, causing increases in the liver weight-to-body weight ratio. In ornithine decarboxylase activity, and in thymidine kinase activity. To investigate the effect of endogenous hyperprolactinemia on hepatic regeneration, pituitary isografts were placed beneath the renal capsule in rats 2 weeks before the rats underwent a ...

We report a case of an 18-year-old girl who presented to our hospital with history of recurrent respiratory infections, amenorrhea, and symmetric polyarthritis. She was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Kartagener's syndrome (KS), and hyperprolactinemia. There have been very few case reports in the literature of RA occurring in the setting of KS, theoretically proposed to be due to chro...

Macroprolactinemia is a polymeric form of prolactin-release, causing mildly symptomatic clinical pictures. The former can be isolated or associated with other causes of hyperprolactinemia. The association with an empty sella syndrome is rare. We report a case of a female patient discovered with this association. It's about a female patient 47 years old, followed up since the age of 31 years for...