Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is an increasingly recognised clinico-radiological entity, associated with several medical conditions (such as systemic arterial hypertension) and characterised by seizures, altered mental status, headaches, and visual symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging is a key component in this diagnosis, with hyperintense foci in T2-weighted images, correspondin...

PURPOSE Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are acquired arteriovenous shunts located within the dura. The highly variable natural history and symptomatology of DAVFs range from subjective bruit to intracranial hemorrhage and are related to the lesion's pattern of venous drainage and its effect on the drainage of adjacent brain. We examined the prevalence and features of DAVFs in patients with...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Adhesion molecules mediate attachment and transendothelial migration of leukocytes as a critical step in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Their expression and release were comparatively investigated in patients with large- and small-vessel disease of the central nervous system. METHODS With immunological methods, serum concentrations of endothelial-derived adhesion mole...

ease. J Vasc Surg 1992;15:73-80; discussion: 80–2. 13 Mansoor S, Shah A, Scoble JE. ‘Flash pulmonary oedema’ – a diagnosis for both the cardiologist and the nephrologist? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001;16:1311–3. 14 Isles CG. Malignant hypertension and hypertensive encephalopathy. In: Swales JD (ed). Textbook of hypertension . Oxford: Blackwell Scientific, 1994:1233–48. 15 Foley RN, Parfrey PS, H...

BACKGROUND Renal transplant recipients frequently experience neurological complications. Whereas ischemic stroke, cerebral haemorrhage or hypertensive encephalopathy often result from vascular alterations prior to transplantation, other cerebral diseases like CNS infections, primary brain tumors and drug induced neurotoxicity may develop as consequences of the required post-transplant immunosup...

Hypertensive encephalopathy rarely presented with widespread edema in the cerebral white matters, deep structures and whole brainstem. A 80-year-old woman manifested as high arterial blood pressure, visual disturbance, severe headache, nausea, and vomiting. T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging showed high signal-intensity lesions in the cerebral white m...

The serious neuropsychological repercussions of hepatic encephalopathy have led to the creation of several experimental models in order to better understand the pathogenesis of the disease. In the present investigation, two possible causes of hepatic encephalopathy, cholestasis and portal hypertension, were chosen to study the behavioral impairments caused by the disease using an object recogni...