نتایج جستجو برای: hypothalamic diseases
تعداد نتایج: 878016 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Anterior (AHD) and complete hypothalamic deafferentation (CHD) were performed in female rats to ascertain the origin of LHRH detected in the external layer of ME. Deafferented brains were serially sectioned in a cryostat in the frontal plane. LHRH activity in each section was determined by RIA. While AHD, using a knife with a small radius caused no change in the distribution of LHRH in the brai...
When food is plentiful, circadian rhythms of animals are powerfully entrained by the light-dark cycle. However, if animals have access to food only during their normal sleep cycle, they will shift most of their circadian rhythms to match the food availability. We studied the basis for entrainment of circadian rhythms by food and light in mice with targeted disruption of the clock gene Bmal1, wh...
Impairments most commonly were noted in the intellectual, verbal and nonverbal memory and working memory domains, while visuospatial rotation skills were found to be the most robust. Results from Prigatano et al.’s (2004) study evaluating six children with hypothalamic hamartomas indicated significant difficulties with speech and language tasks. Deficits also were noted with learning and memory...
We report a case of hypothalamic hamartoma in an adult female who presented with gelastic seizures, generalized convulsions, and ictal aggressive psychotic behavior. Anticonvulsant treatment was ineffective in controlling the epileptic seizures. Surgical excision after accurate imaging diagnosis 3 decades after the onset of symptoms markedly ameliorated her condition. Delayed and erroneous diag...
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasingly recognized as a complex neurodegenerative disease beginning decades prior to the cognitive decline. While cognitive deficits remain the cardinal manifestation of AD, metabolic and non-cognitive abnormalities, such as alterations in body weight and neuroendocrine functions, are also present, often preceding the cognitive decline. Furthermore, hypothalamic...
Normal function of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis is critical for survival, and its development choreographed age-, sex- context-specific actions. The liver influences HPA ontogeny, integrating diverse endocrine signals that inhibit or activate development. This review examines how developmental changes in expression genes coordinate postnatal multiple systems facilitate maturati...
Peripherally presented stimuli evoke stronger activity in scene-processing regions than foveally presented stimuli, suggesting that scene understanding is driven largely by peripheral information. We used functional MRI to investigate whether functional connectivity evoked during natural perception of audiovisual movies reflects this peripheral bias. For each scene-sensitive region--the parahip...
Overnutrition caused by overeating is associated with insulin and leptin resistance through IKKbeta activation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the hypothalamus. Here we show that physical exercise suppresses hyperphagia and associated hypothalamic IKKbeta/NF-kappaB activation by a mechanism dependent upon the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6. The disruption of hypothalamic-...
A dysfunction of the orexin (hypocretin) system in the hypothalamus has recently been linked to the pathogenesis of narcolepsy. The authors used in vivo proton MR spectroscopy to assess the N-acetylaspartate (NAA) content in the hypothalamus of narcoleptic patients. Hypothalamic NAA/creatine-phosphocreatine was reduced in narcoleptic patients compared with control subjects (p < 0.01). Hypothala...
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