In this paper, a special class of redundancy optimization problem with fuzzy random variables is presented. In this model, fuzzy random lifetimes are considered as basic parameters and the Er-expected of system lifetime is used as a major type of system performance. Then a redundancy optimization problem is formulated as a binary integer programming model. Furthermore, illustrative numerical ex...

We conduct gravitational microlensing experiments in a galaxy taken from a cosmological N-body simulation. Hypothetical observers measure the optical depth and event rate toward hypothetical LMCs and compare their results with model predictions. Since we control the accuracy and sophistication of the model, we can determine how good it has to be for statistical errors to dominate over systemati...

index tracking is the process of developing a portfolio that reproduces the performance of an index. the tracker portfolio has relatively good diversity and low turnover and low transaction costs. in this paper we applied a binary programming model for index tracking problem. in this model the number of assets for portfolio construction is defined by portfolio manager. the robust optimization f...

Abstract This paper reports formation enthalpies of phases in the Al–Mn–Pd ternary alloy system as calculated from first principles using electronic density functional theory. We consider all crystal structures reported assessed phase diagrams and its binary subsystems (Al–Mn, Al–Pd, Mn–Pd), well additional or hypothetical structures. Icosahedral decagonal quasicrystalline approximants are amon...