this sentence is what a prominent english judge has said about the power of judges in dealing with cases in english law. an example of this power can be found in contractual terms for damages called penalties and liquidated damages. as it is expected, contracts are basically made to be performed and not to be avoided according to the whims of market fluctuation. however, the adherence to freedo...

This article has two goals. The first is to assess, in the face of accruing reports on the ingenuity of great ape tool use, whether and in what sense human tool use still evidences unique, higher cognitive ability. To that effect, I offer a systematic comparison between humans and nonhuman primates with respect to nine cognitive capacities deemed crucial to tool use: enhanced hand-eye coordinat...

This research deals with an important topic about Imad al-Din al-Kashi, which is his views on the science of semantics when responding to objections al-Khatib al-Qazwini, in book called (The Answers al-Kashi author clarification al-Sakaki fi Miftah al-Ulum). Including three models be studied.