We thank McIntyre and Catalano (1) for their interest in our article (2). In this study, we examined the relative effects of prepregnancy overweight/obesity, excess gestational weight gain, and IADPSG-defined gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on fetal overgrowth and other adverse outcomes, in a sample of 9,835 women who had a 2-h 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and were not treated with diet...

We read with interest the article by Black et al. (1) and the associated commentary by Ryan (2) and wish to provide some comments. Firstly, calculations by Black et al. of population attributable fractions (PAFs) of large-forgestational-age (LGA) babies attributable to overweight/obesity and gestational diabetesmellitus (GDM)are, as correctlynoted, largely influenced by the high prevalence of o...

Economic analyses may be used to describe the costs of health care programs and to ensure that value is obtained for the money spent. This issue of Diabetes Care includes three economic analyses. The first describes the incremental costs of diabetes over a lifetime and highlights how interventions to prevent diabetes may reduce lifetime costs (1). The second demonstrates that although an expens...

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with an onset or first recognition during pregnancy (1–3 ). Fetal complications of GDM include macrosomia (large baby, which leads to birth injuries), shoulder dystocia, and neonatal hypoglycemia, and adverse outcomes for the mother are an increased risk of cesarean delivery, preeclampsia, and hypertension...

Adiponectin (AdpN) is an abundant protein that circulates in blood in microgram quantities. Although AdpN is primarily produced by adipose tissue, the paradox of AdpN is that plasma concentrations decrease with increasing adiposity (1,2). AdpN concentrations are decreased in obesity (3) and obesity-related complications—for example, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, nonalcoholic fatty liver di...

In the Philippines, many people would think that items made in other countries have better quality and are more desirable.More recently, with numerous goods coming from nearby also having built their reputation for similar or even betterquality – example, those Japan, Taiwan lately, China these now alsopopular. But it remains unusual we generally prefer local brands, i.e., Philippines.When come...