this paper seeks to trace some of the roots and problems of the rational view of innovation. concentrating primarily upon product innovation, we point out that the eighteenth century notion of social progress in the light of reason has gradually given an enormous impetus to a rational view of product innovation in modern organizations. we summarize several decades of research into management of...

This paper extends the theory of belief functions by introducing new concepts and techniques, allowing to model the situation in which the beliefs held by a rational agent may only be expressed (or are only known) with some imprecision. Central to our approach is the concept of intervalvalued belief structure, defined as a set of belief structures verifying certain constraints. Starting from th...

Nonlinear dynamical modeling of interaction between automatic and conscious processes in the human brain is considered in terms of the quaternion fields. The interaction is due, particularly, to the nonlinear firing rate of neu-rons. Possible connection of consciousness with the general field theory is indicated. A new type of symmetry between dynamics of real and imaginary fields is pointed ou...

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is called the 2-class field tower of k. If n is the minimal integer such that kn = kn+1, then n is called the length of the tower. If no such n exists, then the tower is said to be of infinite length. At present there is no known decision procedure to determine whether or not the (2-)class field tower of a given field k is infinite. However, it is known by group theoretic results (see [2]) that...

Imaginary cubes are three-dimensional objects that have square projections in three orthogonal ways, just like a cube has. In this paper, we introduce higherdimensional extensions of imaginary cubes and study their properties.

the prayers of imam sajjad (as) have a special artistic style that contribute to a great body of our religious literature. therefore, it is essential to pay due attention to this aspect of the prayers also known as the prayer literature. in this paper, we try to analyze the imagery created through personification in the prayers of imam sajjad (as) with the aim of portraying emotion, movement an...

Dynamical properties of vector localized and periodic waves hold significant importance in the study physical systems. In this work, we investigate matrix Hirota equation with sign-alternating nonlinearity via binary Darboux transformation. For two interacting components, construct transformation formulas, localized, wave solutions. Via those solutions, different kinds nonlinear can be achieved...

In order to implement wide band frequency sweeping, the S-parameters can be fitted with an adaptive rational interpolation based on Loewner matrix. However, errors in sampling data may lead Froissart doublets, which look like spikes curve. this paper, a novel technique is proposed remove these doublets. At first, expression converted into sum of partial fractions by solving two generalized eige...