Polyphenols and isoflavones exert multiple effects in cellular metabolism from signaling pathways to the regulation of gene expression and profoundly influence cellular function. The anti-inflammatory properties of various polyphenols – isomers and derivatives of resveratrol, piceatannol – and the isoflavone genistein have been analyzed in cell-based assays. Both groups of substances potently a...

Recent studies suggest that alterations of the arginine metabolome and a dysregulation of nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis play a role in the pathogenesis of asthma. L -Arginine, a semi-essential amino acid, is a common substrate for both the arginases and NO synthase (NOS) enzyme families. NO is an important vasodilator of the bronchial circulation, with both bronchodilatory and anti-inflammatory...

A cute kidney injury (AKI), inclusive of clinical terms such as acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis, and delayed graft function, is being defined as functional or structural abnormalities or markers of kidney damage, including abnormalities in blood, urine, or tissue tests or imaging studies present for 3 months (Acute Kidney Injury Network group proposed consensus definition; personal ...

Changes in programming of neonatal immune development were effected through maternal immune modulation (Leishmania major inoculation). In progeny of these dams, immune profiles in both blood and spleen were changed throughout the neonatal period and were pronounced after weaning. White blood cell (WBC) and lymphocyte counts in blood of 45-day-old progeny were two-fold less than control animals....

Copyright © 2012 Frank Hildebrand et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Following accidental trauma, an inflammatory response is induced involving hormonal, metabolic, and immunological mediators. This posttraumat...

The immune system is traditionally considered from the perspective of defending against bacterial or viral infections. However, foreign materials like implants can also illicit immune responses. These immune responses are mediated by a large number of molecular signals, including cytokines, antibodies and reactive radical species, and cell types, including macrophages, neutrophils, natural kill...

SUMMARY: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their stromal progeny may be considered powerful regulatory cells, a sort of dendritic cell counterpart, which influence all the main immune effectors and functional roles in vivo, as well as potential applications in the treatment of a number of human immunological diseases. By choosing MSC tissue origin, cell dose, administration route, and treatment...

Secondary immune responsiveness to dinitrophenylated bovine gamma globulin (DNP-BGG) was transferred to heavily irradiated rats by means of small lymphocytes from the thoracic duct of immunized syngeneic donors. Affinity of the antibody produced by the adoptive recipients when challenged immediately was the same as that seen in immunized controls and cell donors, suggesting that the performance...

T cell-based antitumor immune therapy which occupies the boosting area of translational medicine research is capable of eradicating some kinds of tumors that are in late stages. However, the effectiveness of adoptive cell transfer treatment varies among the different clinical trials, while the safety of cells is still uncertain for some patients. All these phenomena provoke us to ask whether th...