The miniaturization of conventional immunoassays using microfluidic techniques has proven promising in bringing accurate and quantitative clinical diagnosis to the point-of-care (POC). However, the microfluidics community has yet to produce many commercial devices for such applications. The main reason for this is the difficulty in producing low-cost, rapid, sensitive, automated, and portable i...

A total of 138 serum samples submitted for toxoplasma serology have been examined by enzyme immunoassay using kits produced by Labsystems Oy for the detection of specific antibodies of the IgG and IgM class. Results were compared with the dye test, an indirect haemagglutination test, and an indirect immunofluorescence test for specific IgM. The enzyme immunoassay was less sensitive than the dye...

We describe a rapid polarization fluoroimmunoassay for screening for the presence of barbiturates in urine. The single reagent is prepared by pre-mixing antiserum with a fluorescein-labeled barbiturate derivative as tracer. Use of a mixture of two sheep antisera, raised against different barbiturate immunogens, results in an assay with a broad cross-reactivity spectrum for most common barbitura...

The effect of ultrasonic irradiation on the dissociation of antigen-antibody complexes was studied. Among three frequencies tested, 28 kHz ultrasound gave a relatively high percent dissociation with the lowest decrease of immune reactivity. When dissolved antigen-antibody complexes were exposed to the ultrasonic irradiation no dissociation was observed, while antigenantibody complexes were sign...

We have identified an individual whose thyroxine (T4) concentration was undetectable with Abbott's fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) but within the reference range by radioimmunoassay or EMIT (Syva). The patient's thyrotropin, triiodothyronine, and T-uptake values were within the normal range. The T4 concentration measured by FPIA increased to normal when the immunoglobulin fraction ...

A two-dimensional resolution system of channels and substrate zones was proposed for multiplex immunoassay performed with a designed multichannel chemiluminescent (CL) detection device coupled with a single photomultiplier. Using carcinoma antigen 125 (CA 125), carcinoma antigen 153 (CA 153), carcinoma antigen 199 (CA 199), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as two couples of model analytes, tw...

At present, autoimmunity laboratories are very dynamic owing to the constant and increasing availability of new tests, mainly due to the detection of new autoantibodies. The main characteristic of the autoimmunity laboratory and the one that differentiates it from other laboratories that use immunoassays as basic techniques is that it determines antibodies (autoantibodies) and not antigens. For...

Many laboratories involved in drug-abuse screening use enzymoimmunoassays such as Syva’s EMIT#{174} system. Although automation has been extensively used to reduce assay costs, further reductions can be achieved by the development of in-house reagents. We have developed our own reagents for the detection of opiates in urine by using the Syva EMIT principle and adapted it for use on an Eppendorf...

The simultaneous investigation of a large number of events with different types of intermolecular interactions, from nonequilibrium high-force pulling assays to quasi-equilibrium unbinding events in the same environment, can be very important for fully understanding intermolecular bond-rupture mechanisms. Here, we describe a novel dielectrophoretic force spectroscopy technique that utilizes mic...

The Association of Medical Laboratory Immunologists (AMLI) have developed a panel of antinuclear and anticytoplasmic antibody consensus sera that can be useful for enzyme immunoassay (EIA), Ouchterlony, and immunofluorescence assay methods. It was developed to assist in the evaluation of newly available EIA methods for the detection of autoantibodies. The panel of sera was evaluated in several ...