STUDY DESIGN The overall, local, and segmental kinematic responses of intact human cadaver head-neck complexes undergoing an inertia-type rear-end impact were quantified. High-speed, high-resolution digital video data of individual facet joint motions during the event were statistically evaluated. OBJECTIVES To deduce the potential for various vertebral column components to be exposed to adve...

This paper addresses the issue of inertia mismatch from a theoretical and practical standpoint. Fundamentally, power transmission is optimized in a mechanical system if the load inertia matches the motor inertia. This may, or may not be practically implemented with gearing between motor and load. Gearing inertia, inefficiency, mechanical limits, and cost all factor into the decision as to wheth...

The tendency for emotions to be predictable over time, labelled emotional inertia, has been linked to low well-being and is thought to reflect impaired emotion regulation. However, almost no studies have examined how emotion regulation relates to emotional inertia. We examined the effects of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression on the inertia of behavioural, subjective and physiolog...

A Maglev system was modeled by the exact feedback linearization to achieve two same linear subsystems. The proportional-integral-differential controllers (PID) based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with four different inertia weights were then used to regulate both linear subsystems. These different inertia weights were Fixed Inertia Weight (FIW), Linear Descend Inertia Weight (L...

A theory of gravity is deduced from the axioms premetric program. The starting point conservation energy and momenta, equivalence gravitation inertia. latter what leads to framework so-called purified gravity. local linear constitutive relation has 14 components when it assumed be metrical, but compatibility with an action principle fixes uniquely coincident general relativity. formalism a dire...

Some fluents (for instance, time) change even after events that are not assumed to affect them (such as the action wait). We propose a formal-ization of the "commonsense law of inertia" in the situation calculus that allows us to describe such fluents. 1 Introduction The frame problem in Artificial Intelligence is the problem of specifying formally "what doesn't change when an event occurs" in ...

We use experiments and minimal numerical models to investigate the rapidly expanding monolayer formed by the impact of a dense suspension drop against a smooth solid surface. The expansion creates a lacelike pattern of particle clusters separated by particle-free regions. Both the expansion and the development of the spatial inhomogeneity are dominated by particle inertia and, therefore, are ro...