This paper presents a quantitative reliability analysis of a system designed to tolerate both hardware and software faults. The system being studied achieves integrated fault tolerance by implementing N-Version Programming (NVP) on redundant hardware. The analysis of the system considers independent software faults, related software faults, transient hardware faults, permanent hardware faults, ...

This paper presents a quantitative reliability analysis of a system designed to tolerate both hardware and software faults. The system being studied achieves integrated fault tolerance by implementing N-Version Programming (NVP) on redundant hardware. The analysis of the system considers independent software faults, related software faults, transient hardware faults, permanent hardware faults, ...

The effect of soft and softer handoffs on codedivision multiple-access (CDMA) system capacity is evaluated for unsectorized and sectorized hexagonal cells according to an average bit energy-to-interference power spectral density, which corresponds to a bit-error rate (BER) of 10 3. The effect of imperfect sectorization on sectorization efficiency is also considered. On the reverse link, there i...

We introduce a model of avian influenza in domestic birds with imperfect vaccination and age-since-vaccination structure. The model has four components: susceptible birds, vaccinated birds (stratified by vaccination age), asymptomatically infected birds, and infected birds. The model includes reduction in the probability of infection, decreasing severity of disease of vaccinated birds and vacci...

For repairable items under the two-dimensional warranty, the manufacturer expenses warranty costs for rectifying the failures occurring over the warranty coverage. Preventive maintenance actions reduce the occurrence intensity of item failures, and hence the warranty cost resulted from corrective maintenance, but bring additional preventive maintenance cost. In this paper, we investigate a peri...

Event coverage problem in wireless sensor networks has drawn the interest of several researchers. While most of the previous work has been on static or ground mobile sensor networks, airborne sensor networks have also found its way into several civil and military applications such as environmental monitoring or battlefield assistance. In this work, we study the mobility pattern of an Unmanned A...

People travelling in public transportation vehicles are foreseen to be a relevant use case of future Digital Video Broadcast—Handhelds (DVB-H) systems. However, it is also one of the critical user cases, since, besides the vehicle penetration loss, the received signal quality is strongly affected by the high mobility of the users, which is accompanied by temporary shadowing and fast fading. On ...

BACKGROUND The Affordable Care Act (ACA) requires that privately insured women can obtain contraceptive services and supplies without cost sharing. This may substantially affect women who prefer an intrauterine device (IUD), a long-acting reversible contraceptive, because of high upfront costs that they would otherwise face. However, imperfect enforcement of and exceptions to this provision cou...

Despite the effectiveness of vaccines in dramatically decreasing the number of new infectious cases and severity of illnesses, imperfect vaccines may not completely prevent infection. This is because the immunity afforded by these vaccines is not complete and may wane with time, leading to resurgence and epidemic outbreaks notwithstanding high levels of primary vaccination. To prevent an endemi...

Summary Since most tomographic problems deal with imperfect data coverage and noisy data, an estimate of the seismic velocity in Earth can only be a local average ‘true’ some attached uncertainty. We use SOLA (Subtractive Optimally Localized Averages) method, Backus–Gilbert-type method based on resolution-uncertainty trade-off, to build range models Rayleigh wave velocities Pacific upper mantle...