Malformations are important causes of infant mortality, chronic disease and disability in many countries, causing 3.2million disabilities per year. The VATERL association includes vertebral defects, anal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistulaand renal dysplasia, as well limb abnormalities. This case report aims to provide the general characteristics theVACTERL discuss other cases found medical lite...

BACKGROUND Congenital pouch colon (CPC) is a rare entity in patients of anorectal malformations (ARM) requiring special consideration as to the management. This study is aimed at evaluating the presentation, management, and the outcome of initial surgery in patients with CPC. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study was conducted in the department of Pediatric Surgery of our institute d...

Fraser syndrome is characterised by cryptophthalmos, cutaneous syndactyly, malformations of the larynx and genitourinary tract, craniofacial dysmorphism, orofacial clefting, mental retardation, and musculoskeletal anomalies. The inheritance is autosomal recessive. No diagnostic cytogenetic abnormalities have been documented in affected patients, and no molecular genetic studies have been report...

This description is mainly based on experience gained at Great Ormond Street over the past nine years-about 300 cases having been admitted. It owes much to the teaching of Denis Browne. The classification of Ladd and Gross (I934) into four types has been abandoned because it did not seem to give useful grouping of cases with similar origins, treatment or prognosis. A classification has been dev...