BACKGROUND This protocol describes the 'development of outcome measures and suitable methodologies for dissemination and implementation approaches,' a priority for implementation research. Although many evidence-based practices (EBPs) have been developed, large knowledge gaps remain regarding how to routinely move EBPs into usual care. The lack of understanding of 'what it takes' to install EBP...

Considerable uncertainty exists about occupational risks, future environmental health and safety (EHS) standards, and associated production and compliance costs for single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) manufacturing processes. We propose and illustrate the use of risk analysis Monte Carlo (MC) models to assess cost and exposure trade-offs of the highpressure carbon monoxide (HiPco) SWNT manufactu...

Justifying investment in media asset management (MAM) and digital asset management (DAM) systems can be extremely difficult. The costs of these systems can be incredibly high, and IT departments must be able to justify the implementation and operating costs. Measuring return on investment (ROI) and cost avoidance is typically complicated as a result of implied soft costs and emerging technologi...

The NTP network is an important part of the Internet’s infrastructure, and one of the most challenging times for the NTP network is around leap seconds. In this paper we look at the behaviour of public servers in the NTP network in 2005 and over the period from 2008 to present, focusing on leap seconds. We review the evolution of the NTP reference implementation with respect to leap seconds and...

Reasons for a successful or unsuccessful implementation of infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines are often multiple and interconnected. This article reviews key elements from the national to the individual level that contribute to the success of the implementation of IPC measures and gives perspectives for improvement. Governance approaches, modes of communication and formats of gui...

The role of environmental management within projects is playing a more and more essential part to the firms and public. Because of the benefit of implementing environmental management, different methods are being used to improve environmental management in projects especially in industry. However, the application of these methods leads to an increase in labor use, materials costs and other cost...

In this paper we analyze the implementation of socially optimal mergers when the regulator is not informed about all parameters that determine social and private gains from potential mergers. We show that implementation requires a certain degree of agreement between social and private incentives. The most important example where this congruence is present is when the uncertainty refers to cost ...

Scheme and Smalltalk continuations may have unlimited extent. This means that a purely stack-based implementation of continuations, as suffices for most languages, is inadequate. We review several implementation strategies for continuations and compare their performance using instruction counts for the normal case and continuation-intensive synthetic benchmarks for other scenarios, including co...

despite a lot of efforts and investigations worldwide, dnr is still a controversial issue in many countries. in iran although significant achievements are reached in different fields; end of life care is hardly considered as a scientific necessity. development and implementation of clear policies for dnr orders is required to prevent futile prolongation of death, psychological stress to the pat...

Product piracy and counterfeiting is a market with an annual turnover of hundreds of billions of US-Dollars. The application of RFID-tags is discussed widely to cope with this problem. A major obstacle for a mass deployment of RFID-tags, beside the harsh requirements on power consumption, are fabrication costs. In hardware fabrication costs are proportional to the required area. In this paper w...