The majority of the highest energy cosmic rays are thought to be electrically charged: protons or nuclei. Charged particles experience angular deflections as they pass through galactic and extra-galactic magnetic fields. As a consequence correlation of cosmic ray arrival directions with potential sources has proved to be difficult. This situation is not helped by current data samples where the ...

We study the problem of a charged particle in the presence of a uniform magnetic field plus a vortex in noncommutative planar space considering the two possible non-commutative extensions of the corresponding Hamiltonian, namely the " fundamental " and the " antifundamental " representations. Using a Fock space formalism we construct eigenfunctions and eigenvalues finding in each case half of t...

We study the problem of a charged particle in the presence of a uniform magnetic field plus a vortex in noncommutative planar space considering the two possible non-commutative extensions of the corresponding Hamiltonian, namely the " fundamental " and the " antifundamental " representations. Using a Fock space formalism we construct eigenfunctions and eigenvalues finding in each case half of t...

We demonstrate from first principles that when a charge carrier is added to a spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Mott insulator in either a oneor two-dimensional lattice, the self-consistent, Hartree-Fock ground state consists of a magnetic soliton texture with a doubly degenerate electronic level at the center of the MottHubbard charge gap. This model is appropriate to systems with weak interchain or ...

Recent demonstrations of cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects with semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) coupled to microcavities [1–5] show that these systems are robust and scalable platforms for quantum information science. The QD-cavity QED experiments performed so far treat each QD as a two-level quantum system consisting of a ground state and the single exciton excited state. However, ...

Abstract Partial wave theory of a three dmensional scattering problem for an arbitray short range potential and a nonlocal Aharonov-Bohm magnetic flux is established. The scattering process of a “hard shere” like potential and the magnetic flux is examined. An anomalous total cross section is revealed at the specific quantized magnetic flux at low energy which helps explain the composite fermio...

one of methods of improvement of the material flow is cross docking that in is considered as a good method to reduce inventory and improve customer satisfaction. too, the vehicle routing problem is one of the important problems in distribution management and its goal is to find paths for delivering various cargos. therefore, this study was conducted in order to vehicle routing problem with cros...