background: occurrence of resistance against antibioticsand inadequate efficacy of some vaccines necessitates studies ofnatural immunostimulators in aquaculture. shrimps shell derivedfrom chitosan can be used as immune stimulators in fish.objectives: in this study, the effects of oral administration ofchitosan, derived from shrimp shell, on some immune responsesand disease resistance in cyprinu...

this study investigated the effects of short-term fasting and re-feeding on hematological and immunological parameters of mesopotamichthys sharpeyi (günther, 1874) fingerlings. after 2 weeks of adaptation, 360 fish with an average initial body weight of 6.13±0.40g were distributed in nine 300-l circular fiberglass tanks provided with aeration system following a completely randomized design. the...

cortical spreading depression (csd) are associated with dramatic failure of brain ion homeostasis, efflux of excitatory amino acids from nerve cells, increased energy metabolism and changes in cerebral blood flow. there is strong clinical and experimental evidence to suggest that csd is involved in the mechanism of migraine, stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury. therefore,...

myiasis is due to the opportunistic dipterous larvae feeding on viable or necrotic tissues of the host occurring throughout the world. we report a case of oral myiasis in an immune-compromised patient suffering from nonhodgkin lymphoma. we  would like  to  emphasize that such ectoparasitic infections may happen in  immuno- compromised patients and oral hygiene should be evaluated in all of thes...

objective(s):gemifloxacin is a broad spectrum antibiotic and has shown excellent coverage against a wide variety of microorganisms. in this study, an attempt was made to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of gemifloxacin in male swiss albino mice in vivo. materials and methods: three doses of gemifloxacin 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 75 mg/kg were used intraperitoneally (ip) for the evaluation o...

background: hyper ige syndrome (hies) is a rare primary immune deficiency, described as job`s syndrome characterized by increased serum levels of ige, eczema, recurrent cutaneous and pulmonary infections. in this paper, we presented a case of hyper ige syndrome.case presentation: a 16-year-old iranian boy presented with a one year history of skin lesions in knees and elbows was diagnosed of pso...

background: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a disease of the immune system that creates damage of learning and memory in that. using probiotic supplements is recommended for preventing ms disease and improving memory. this study aimed to investigate the effect of lactobacillus plantarum (lp) and bifidobacterium b94 (bb94), on acquisition phase of spatial memory in the local demyelination of rats` hi...

background: multiple sclerosis is a common disorder between neural and immune systems whose main psychological consequence is dropping the quality of life. the lack of a basic targeted theoretical model is the most common flaw of few pre trails. it has been shown; the components of leventhals’ model (illness representations) are associated with chronic illness outcomes. the aim of this study wa...

background: illness representations (based on leventhal's model) are associated with chronic illness outcomes. it has been suggested that targeting these cognitive components improves illness outcomes. multiple sclerosis is a common disorder between neural and immune systems that creates physical and psychological consequences. there are few pre psychological trails on these patients. the aim o...