The 5d pyrochlore iridate family (R2Ir2O7, where R is a rare earth ion) has garnered significant attention due to its topological properties, such as Weyl semimetallic phases and axion insulator. However, the investigation of these properties been impeded by severe iridium loss during growth, which results in formation defects impurities. Herein, we demonstrate method for controlling impurities...

3D global simulations were performed to investigate the gas flow and impurities transport in casting silicon furnace under influence of a unique designed spray-type guidance system (GGS). The simulation results show that, intensity backflow at crucible outlet had no obvious change with application this GGS, but area was effectively inhibited above melt free surface kinetic rate reaction weakene...

In order to push the upper frequency limit of high speed electronics further, thereby extending the range of applications, new device technologies and materials are continuously investigated. The 2D material graphene, with its intrinsically extremely high room temperature charge carrier velocity, is regarded as a promising candidate to push the frequency limit even further. However, so far most...

While the use of pharmaceuticals is always a balance of risks and benefits, the same is not true for impurities in pharmaceuticals; impurities convey only risk. A number of international guidelines and regional guidances instruct drug developers and regulatory agencies on how to evaluate and control impurities in drug substances and drug products. While impurities should always be reduced to th...

In this thesis, two different sets of experiments are described. The first is an exploration of the microscopic superfluidity of dilute gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates. The second set of experiments were performed using transported condensates in a new BEC apparatus. Superfluidity was probed by moving impurities through a trapped condensate. The impurities were created using an optical Raman ...