In reports over the past several years, we have demonstrated the efficient collection of optically excited fluorophore emission by its coupling to surface plasmons on thin metallic films, where the coupled luminescence was highly directional and polarized. This phenomenon is referred to as surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE). In this current study, we have extended this technique to include...

Ammonia emissions from swine feeding operations depend on the housing type; animal size, age, and type; manure management, storage, and treatment; climatic variables; and manure utilization or land application techniques. Techniques or methods for estimating or quantifying NH3 flux from a source to the atmosphere include nitrogen mass balance, micrometeorology, flux chambers, models, and emissi...

Chandra images of galaxy clusters have revealed a wealth of structure unseen by previous generations of low resolution X-ray observatories. In the cores of clusters, bright, irregular X-ray emission is now routinely seen within central dominant galaxies (CDGs) harboring powerful radio sources. The radio sources are interacting with and are often displacing the hot gas leaving cavities in their ...

The majority of gamma-ray emission from Galactic dark matter annihilation is likely to be detected as a contribution to the diffuse gamma-ray background. I show that dark matter substructure in the halo of the Galaxy induces characteristic anisotropies in the diffuse background that could be used to determine the small-scale dark matter distribution. I calculate the angular power spectrum of th...

Today, many wireless devices are mobile and battery powered. Based on the fact that battery capacity is still limited, energy saving is an important issue in wireless communication. Meanwhile, the number of wireless devices continues to increase and this creates interference problems between wireless devices. In this paper, we look at transmission power control and propose a mechanism that trie...

Due to diminishing petroleum reserves and the environmental negative effects of exhaust gases from diesel engines, alternative fuels for diesel engines are becoming increasingly important Egyptian waste cooking oils have special specifications because it expose to high temperatures during use for long hours. In the present experimental study, the performance and emissions of a four strokes, sin...

Access control is central to any study of security. Verifying that access control is correctly implemented is essential but difficult, because meaningful verification requires formal derivations and proofs. We present an approach to teaching access control using an access-control logic based on modal logic. Students use the logic to formally describe and analyze a variety of access-control scen...