This paper reviewed the effects of insect pollination on yield parameters plants from family Brassicaceae presenting different breeding systems. Meta-analysis indicates that in both self-compatible and self-incompatible crop species, meta-analysis seed (Y), silique set (SQS), number siliquae/plant (NSQ), seeds/silique (NSSQ) increase when are insect-pollinated compared to there is no pollinatio...

this study was conducted to evaluate genetic diversity of durum wheat cultivars using multivariate analyses on agronomic and morphological traits. thirty genotypes were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2003. agronomic and morphological characteristics including days to flowering, days to pollination, days to maturity, plant height, spike length, grain wei...

Late blight, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, is the most important disease of potato (Solanum tuberosum). Understanding the molecular basis of resistance and susceptibility to late blight is therefore highly relevant for developing resistant cultivars, either by marker-assissted selection or by transgenic approaches. Specific P. infestans races having the Avr1 effector gene trigg...

flame seedless is one of the most important and commercial table grape cultivar that is used for breeding program due to its specific characteristics of fruit high production. in order to breed new seedless grape cultivars and with considering importance of selecting seedless varieties as a female parent to increase the production rate of seedless offspring in a breeding cycle, embryo rescue te...

Pollination is the mechanical transfer of male pollen of a flower on the female stigma.This process has a fundamental role to survive the plants species.Since this process is invisible ,its importance has been ignored.Insufficient pollination can be harmful for the farmer instead of being useful.Pollination can be done via some ways.The most important ways are done by insects and wind.Pistachio...

Small populations of self-incompatible plants may be expected to be threatened by the limitation of compatible mating partners (i.e., S-Allee effect). However, few empirical studies have explicitly tested the hypothesis of mate limitation in small populations of self-incompatible plants. To do so, we studied wild pear (Pyrus pyraster), which possesses a gametophytic self-incompatibility system....

Characteristics and inheritance of rhizome coloration in the red lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) ‘Tomohiro’ were investigated to achieve stable production breeding cultivars. Rhizome proceeded from basal internodes distal ones during growing stage, enlarged rhizomes was completed October. No individuals with both white one plant found, there no a mottled pattern or an intermediate color between white....