BACKGROUND Cognitive control refers to the ability to selectively attend and respond to task-relevant events while resisting interference from distracting stimuli or prepotent automatic responses. The current study aimed to determine whether interference suppression and response inhibition are separable component processes of cognitive control. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Fourteen young ad...

In three cued recall experiments, extralist retrieval cues that were congruous in meaning to an encoded target pair of words produced better recall of the targets than when the cue-target relation was incongruous. However, this result. which differs from that of other experiments. depended in some cases on scoring recall of a target pair when either member of the pair was recalled. It is argued...

State-of-the-art Transformer-based language models like GPT-3 are very good at generating syntactically well-formed and semantically plausible text. However, it is unclear to what extent these encode the compositional rules of human their impressive performance due use relatively shallow heuristics, which have also been argued be a factor in processing. One example so-called depth charge illusi...

Current threat modeling methodologies and tools are biased toward systems under development. While, organizations whose IT portfolio is made up of a large number of legacy systems, that run on fundamentally different and incongruous platforms and with little or no documentation, are left with few options. Rational, objective analysis of threats to assets and exploitable vulnerabilities requires...

The present study aimed to examine the influence of musical expertise on the metric and semantic aspects of speech processing. In two attentional conditions (metric and semantic tasks), musicians listened to short sentences ending in trisyllabic words that were semantically and/or metrically congruous or incongruous. Both ERPs and behavioral data were analyzed and the results were compared to p...

Research has suggested that during reading, parafoveal information pertaining to the next word in a line might be, at least partially, processed. We used event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to examine this issue. Volunteers read sentences presented word-by-word at fixation with each word flanked bilaterally on its right by the next word in the sentence and on its left by the preceding word. I...

Mobile dating apps with geolocation function have gained popularity for fostering social, romantic, and sexual connections between nearby strangers. Through in-depth interviews and focus-group discussions with 74 users of gay mobile dating apps (Grindr and Jack’d) in Hong Kong, this study illustrates how the sociological concept of time can shed light on users’ experience of relationship format...

To assess semantic processing of iconic gestures, EEG (29 scalp sites) was recorded as adults watched cartoon segments paired with soundless videos of congruous and incongruous gestures followed by probe words. Event-related potentials time-locked to the onset of gestures and probe words were measured in two experiments. In Experiment 1, participants judged the congruency between gestures and c...

The extent to which colonizing farmer populations have overwhelmed or "replaced" indigenous forager populations, as opposed to having intermarried with them, has been widely debated. Indigenous-colonist "admixture" is often represented in genetic models as a single parameter that, although parsimonious and simple, is incongruous with the sex-specific nature of mtDNA and Y-chromosome data. To he...

Single-word, low-constraint adjective contexts were used to "prime" lexical decision to noun targets in Serbo-Croat. Semantically congruent situations consisted of adjective-noun pairs that were not highly predictable but were nonetheless plausible (e.g., GOOD-AUNT). Semantically incongruent situations used pairs that were implausible (e.g., SLOW-COAT). All adjective-noun pairs were grammatical...