A dual direct/indirect room-sized calorimeter is used at the Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center to measure heat emission and energy expenditure in humans. Because the response times of a gradient layer direct calorimeter and an indirect calorimeter are not equivalent, the respective rate of heat emission and energy expenditure cannot be directly compared. A system of equations has been ...

Mika Horie et al [2] demonstrated that obese women had higher total energy expenditure (TEE), compared with normal weight. However, this increase may be due to increased basal metabolic rate (BMR) due to higher fat-free mass (FFM) and energy demand during physical activity. However, Melo et al [3] found that obese individuals are economical, the metabolic point of view. Therefore, the energy ex...

Indirect calorimetry (IC) measurements to estimate resting energy expenditure (REE) necessitate a stable measurement period or steady state (SS). There is limited evidence when assessing the time to reach SS in young, healthy adults. The aims of this prospective study are to determine the approximate time to necessary reach SS using open-circuit IC and to establish the appropriate duration of S...

BACKGROUND When indirect calorimetry is not available, predictive equations are used to estimate resing energy expenditure (REE). There is no consensus about which equation to use in hospitalized patients. The objective of this study is to examine the validity of REE predictive equations for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese inpatients and outpatients by comparison with indirect...

Introduction Variable levels of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) are widely used during mechanical ventilation or during spontaneous breathing for acute or chronic lung diseases. In this study, respiratory indirect plethysmography (RIP), electromyography (EMG) of the transversus abdominis and scalene muscles and indirect calorimetry are used to achieve an integrated picture of the change...

BACKGROUND The determination of resting energy expenditure (REE) is the primary step for estimating the energy requirement of an individual. Although numerous equations have been formulated for predicting metabolic rates, there is a lack of studies addressing the reliability of those equations in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether the main equation...