Contemporary plant breeding is under pressure to improve crop productivity at a rate surpassing past achievements. Different research groups dealing with this issue reached similar conclusions that the solution lies in improved biomass production by way of enhanced light capture and use efficiency, modified photosystem biochemistry, and improved partitioning of assimilates to the economic part ...

Heterosis is a widespread phenomenon corresponding to the increase in fitness following crosses between individuals from different populations or lines relative to their parents. Its genetic basis has been a topic of controversy since the early 20 th century. The masking of recessive deleterious mutations in hybrids likely explains a substantial part of heterosis. The dynamics and consequences ...

Diallel analysis was used to obtain information on combining ability, heterosis, estimates of genetic distances by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and on their correlations with heterosis, for the popcorn varieties RS 20, UNB2, CMS 43, CMS 42, Zélia, UEM J1, UEM M2, Beija-Flor, and Viçosa, which were crossed to obtain all possible combinations, without reciprocals. The genitors and the ...

Heterosis is an important phenomenon for high-yield crop breeding and utilized F1 varieties in horticultural crops. However, its molecular mechanism has not been elucidated, compared to cereals, heterosis less explored at the level In this review, we compiled new genetic epigenetic studies on Because of difficulty predicting from parental distance, approaches are being used study basis Transcri...

The experiment was conducted with 60 hybrids developed by crossing two male sterile lines 30 diverse testers studied for gene action and heterosis. ANOVA combining abilities  revealed that the parents are significantly different all traits under study. ratio of gca:sca variance found less than unity indicating presence non-additive average degree dominance greater indicated predominance ov...

Heterosis, the phenomenon where hybrid offspring exhibit superior traits compared to their inbred parents, has captivated scientists for decades due its immense potential crop improvement. Unravelling molecular basis of heterosis remained a challenge, but recent advancements in genomic and techniques have shed new light on this intriguing phenomenon. This review paper provides comprehensive ove...

Mule duck, a cross between a Muscovy drake and a Pekin female, is reported by the farmers to frequently express fear behaviours, such as man avoidance. The genetic basis of fear responses in mule ducks was therefore investigated in this study. According to a previous experiment, the dominant effect of Pekin genotype was hypothesised; however, due to the absence of birds from the reciprocal cros...

Preweaning and weaning records on 457 calves and weights and milk production of their dams were used to evaluate breed of dam effects, breed of sire effects, and individual heterosis effects. Hereford and Tarentaise dams were mated to Hereford and Tarentaise sires and calves were born from 1987 to 1991. Calf traits were birth weight, proportion calving difficulty, weaning weight, weaning height...

ferent breed makeups. It is widely used in commercial beef production because of the benefits it has to offer cow-calf producers. Improvements in efficiency can be dramatic if appropriate breed combinations are used. Crossbreeding does not eliminate the need for outstanding purebred cattle since efficient systems require well characterized, superior purebred cattle. Crossbreeding in beef cattle...

Data from 364 ewes of Sardi (S), D'man (D), S x DS, DS x S, S x D, D x S (F1), F2, D x DS and DS x D breed groups mated to F1 rams were analyzed for fertility, number of lambs born alive, litter size at weaning, litter weight at weaning per ewe joined and mean lamb weight at 60 d. Each ewe was exposed in two seasons and had one or two lambings. Effects of breed group were significant for all tr...