Immune-type (Type II) heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a rare but potentially fatal complication that can result from the use of heparin or its derivatives employed to reduce the risk of venous thromboembolic disease (VTED) after surgery. As such, the onset of HIT creates a therapeutic paradox: VTED prophylaxis that induces systemic thrombosis. Orthopaedic patients often necessitate ch...

Objective: To describe the mechanisms of Exercise-Induced Asthma (EIA) as well as the effect of different kinds of physical training on pulmonary function, anaerobic fitness, and aerobic fitness. We highlighted the importance of a correct diagnostic through exercise testing and, concerning treatment, the utilization of drugs such as beta-adrenergics and anticholinergics. Data source: The articl...

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most highly prescribed drugs in the world. Their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic actions may be beneficial; however, they are associated with severe side effects including gastrointestinal injury and peptic ulceration. Though several approaches for limiting these side effects have been adopted, like the use of COX-2 specific dr...

Under a voltage clamp, step depolarization and repolarization can induce a sustained inward current and a tail inward current in Paramecium tetraurelia bathed in a solution containing 8 mM-Na+. These currents are best seen in the 'paranoiac' mutant. The I-V plot of the sustained inward current can have a region of negative resistance around -20 mV. This current is absent when Na+ is excluded fr...

I N T R O D U C T I O N Acetylcholine (ACh) acts on the endplate of striated muscle by opening a large, water-filled pore which is selectively permeable to cations (Maeno et al., 1977; Huang et al., 1978; Dwyer et al., 1979). Attempts to understand the details of permeation have been hampered by the inability to control or even determine the ionic composition of the intracellular milieu. For ex...

BACKGROUND The effect of electric current on the motion of atoms still poses many questions, and several mechanisms are at play. Recently there has been focus on the importance of the current-induced nonconservative forces (NC) and Berry-phase derived forces (BP) with respect to the stability of molecular-scale contacts. Systems based on molecules bridging electrically gated graphene electrodes...

I N T R O D U C T I O N Acetylcholine (ACh) acts on the endplate of striated muscle by opening a large, water-filled pore which is selectively permeable to cations (Maeno et al., 1977; Huang et al., 1978; Dwyer et al., 1979). Attempts to understand the details of permeation have been hampered by the inability to control or even determine the ionic composition of the intracellular milieu. For ex...

I N T R O D U C T I O N Acetylcholine (ACh) acts on the endplate of striated muscle by opening a large, water-filled pore which is selectively permeable to cations (Maeno et al., 1977; Huang et al., 1978; Dwyer et al., 1979). Attempts to understand the details of permeation have been hampered by the inability to control or even determine the ionic composition of the intracellular milieu. For ex...

Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are standard of care in the adjuvant setting of postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive breast cancer. Despite their beneficial effects on survival outcomes in breast cancer, AIs-induced arthralgia (AIA) is a common side effect which may lead to drug discontinuation and decreased AIs adherence among patients. So far, the exact pathophysiology of AIA is sti...

Magnetic skyrmions--vortex-like swirling spin structures with a quantized topological number that are observed in chiral magnets--are appealing for potential applications in spintronics because it is possible to control their motion with ultralow current density. To realize skyrmion-based spintronic devices, it is essential to understand skyrmion motions in confined geometries. Here we show by ...