The aim of this paper is an investigation on the role of demand in industrial dynamics. Despite the decades-long debate on demand and innovation, theory still lacks a comprehensive analytical formulation. This paper proposes a model where demand is conceived as a peculiar blend of two conditions, market size, and users’ sophistication. These conditions drive firms’ incentives to innovate. As ma...

Fungicide mixtures produced by the agrochemical industry often contain low-risk fungicides, to which fungal pathogens are fully sensitive, together with high-risk fungicides known to be prone to fungicide resistance. Can these mixtures provide adequate disease control while minimizing the risk for the development of resistance? We present a population dynamics model to address this question. We...

Muhammad Qasim 1, Zafar Hayat Khan 2, Ilyas Khan 3 and Qasem M. Al-Mdallal 4,* 1 Department of Mathematics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Park Road, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; [email protected] 2 Department of Mathematics, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunktwo 18800, Pakistan; [email protected] 3 Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Colle...

Donghan Kang a, Kyungsik Lee b, Sungsoo Park a,∗, Kyungchul Park c and Sang-Baeg Kim c a Department of Industrial Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Kusong-Dong, Yusong-Gu, Taejon 305-701, Korea E-mail: [email protected] b ETRI, 161 Kajong-Dong, Yusong-Gu, Taejon 305-350, Korea c Telecommunication Network Lab, Korea Telecom, Junmin-Dong, Yusong-Gu, Taej...

He was the most popular of the 19 century English novelists, the quintessential Victorian author one who is fondly remembered and read even today, by innumerable readers around the globe. Here is a small personal tribute to Charles Dickens, my favourite social novelist. In his novels, Dickens depicted the disorder, squalor, blight, decay, and the human misery of a modern industrial city.It was ...

The Upper Fremont Glacier (UFG), Wyoming, is one of the few continental glaciers in the contiguous United States known to preserve environmental and climate records spanning recent centuries. A pair of ice cores taken from UFG have been studied extensively to document changes in climate and industrial pollution (most notably, mid-19th century increases in mercury pollution). Fundamental to thes...

Decades of quantitative measurement indicate that roots can mechanically reinforce shallow soils in forested landscapes. Forests, however, have variations in vegetation species and age which can dominate the local stability of landslide-initiation sites. To assess the influence of this variability on root cohesion we examined scarps of landslides triggered during large storms in February and No...