A dynamic, first-principles process model for a steelmaking electric arc furnace has been developed. The is an integrated part of application designed optimization during operation the furnace. Special care taken to ensure that non-linear robust and accurate enough real-time optimization. formulated in terms state variables ordinary differential equations adapted data using recursive parameter ...

We report a multipurpose furnace designed for studies using synchrotron radiation on polycrystalline materials, namely, metals, ceramics, and (semi)crystalline polymers. The furnace has been designed to carry out three-dimensional (3D) x-ray diffraction measurements but can also be used for other types of synchrotron radiation research. The furnace has a very low thermal gradient across the spe...

This paper mainly emphasizes development of a multifluid blast furnace model and its application to simulate several innovative ironmaking operations. At first, the development process and framework of the model are briefly introduced. Then, model simulations on hydrogen bearer injection show that the enhancement of hydrogen reduction brings the improvement of furnace performance, especially fo...

Gas permeability in a blast furnace is directly influenced by the burden profile, which is the result of the charging angle collocation. An obviously increment in both iron-making productivity and furnace campaign life will be observed in a high heat utilization furnace with uniform gas permeability. An online burden profile measuring device without gas leakage risks and heavy maintaining load ...

Aluminum waste that has accumulated due to the widespread use of aluminum in household needs, daily life, and manufacture industrial material components will have an impact on environment if not handled properly. It is necessary utilize a product sale value through casting process using crucible furnace. This research was conducted determine hardness differences from used cans, pots, wires melt...

Figure S1 shows a schematic of our furnace setup. See " Methods " section in main text for details. mass flow controllers supply gases plasma generator tube furnace pressure gauge access door exhaust rotary pump Figure S1: Experimental setup for sample processing.

The electric arc furnace (EAF) is one of the popular methods of steel production from steel scraps. The plasma arc is used in EAF to generate heat for melting scarp or direct reduced iron (DRI). The liquid metal is drained from the EAF through the tap hole. Nowadays, it is critical to use Automated/robotic tools for opening the tap hole with oxygen lancing. Because many workers have been blinde...

Background & Aims of the Study: Regarding to development of industry, soil contamination has become a serious problem in many countries, such as Iran. The aim of the present work was the illustration of the accumulation of potentially harmful trace elements and the potential risk which is posed to human health in surface soils of three industrial estates of Aran-o-Bidgol city, Isfah...

The technological process for manufacturing seamless steel tubes in the Sisak Rolling Mill includes the heating of the charge for processing in the hearth-rotating furnace. Description of the furnace and its operation can be found in literature 1 . In the process currently applied for producing the tubes with the outer diameter of 168.3–356.6 mm the temperature is between 1280 and 1300 °C 2 . T...