In view of the growing importance of integrated and plant-wide modelling of wastewater treatment plants, this work reviews, applies and compares two transforming/interfacing methods by connecting anaerobic digestion and activated sludge models. The two methods are systematic approaches to transform state variables of one model to another and vice versa. The theory of the first method was presen...

Chemical transformations of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) during wastewater treatment and sludge treatment must be characterized to accurately assess the risks that these nanomaterials pose from land application of biosolids. Here, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and supporting characterization methods are used to determine the chemical speciation of A...

Background Leachate is one of the most problems present in landfills, mainly due to large production and the ability to cause serious environmental damages next to these areas. An activated sludge process is commonly used for biodegrading organic contaminants in wastewater using a mixed population of microorganisms. This technology is consolidated for wastewater treatment, and recently has been...

the automobile industry’s wastewater not only contains high levels of suspended and total solids such as oil, grease, dyestuff, chromium, phosphate in washing products, and coloring, at various stages of chassis manufacturing but also, a significant amount of dissolved organics,resulting in high bod or cod loads. suspended solids can be removed from the wastewater by chemical precipitation. h...

Introduction: Extended aeration activated sludge system has a lower sludge production than other activated sludge processes. Due to its high hydraulic retention time (HRT), the tolerance of this process is higher than the shocks caused by increased organic loading rate. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the aeration system in removing physicochemical and mi...

Heavy metals pollution has become a more serious environmental problem in the last several decades as a result releasing toxic materials into the environment. Various techniques such as physical, chemical, biological, advanced oxidation and electrochemical processes were used for the treatment of domestic, industrial and agricultural effluents. The commonly used conventional biological treatmen...

For intensive production systems like the Blue Ridge Aquaculture (BRA), based in Martinsville, VA, there are significant economic incentives to reuse the waste by diverting it into a cropping system that would increase the total productivity and total resource-reuse efficiency, and decrease the environmental, ecological, and financial costs of aquacultural waste disposal. In order to facilitate...

Wastewater treatment with activated sludge is the most common way of treating wastewater. The process relies on bacteria converting nutrients, BOD and COD into biomass, CO2 and N2. Even though the configuration of activated sludge processes and wastewater treatment plants varies there are common problems which are shared. Filamentous bulking sludge is one problem that is widespread and disturbs...

A survey of wastewater treatment facilities in the Federated States of Micronesia revealed a lack of fully functional treatment systems and conditions that potentially could lead to adverse environmental impacts and public health concerns. Due to inadequate facilities, the amount and composition of wastewater entering the plants as well as the degree of treatment being achieved is largely unkno...