BACKGROUND To assess the prevalence of parental behaviors and other factors of sleep ecology and to analyze their relationships with sleep outcomes in a large sample of children ages birth to 36months in multiple countries/regions. METHODS Parents of 29,287 infants and toddlers (48% boys; Australia, Canada, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Korea, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, ...

OBJECTIVE Sudden infant death syndrome and other sleep-related causes of infant mortality have several known risk factors. Less is known about the association of those risk factors at different times during infancy. Our objective was to determine any associations between risk factors for sleep-related deaths at different ages. METHODS A cross-sectional study of sleep-related infant deaths fro...

Human maternal and infant biology likely coevolved in a context of close physical contact and some approximation of frequent, "infant-initiated" breastfeeding. Still, mothers and infants commonly sleep apart from one another in many western societies, indicating a possible "mismatch" between cultural norms and infant biology. Here we present data from a 3-night laboratory-based study that exami...

The circadian rhythm regulates various physiological and psychological events such as sleep/wake rhythms, body temperature, blood pressure, hormone synthesis release in living organisms a period of approximately 24 hours. In the postnatal period, immature baby develops rapidly under influence environmental factors nutrition, light, mother-infant interaction. Breastfeeding is universally most ap...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The phenomena of periodic cycles of vascular engorgement on the nasal cavity mucosa that alternate between right and left sides are termed the "nasal cycle." The physiologic mechanisms underlying this cycle have not been entirely clarified, even more so during sleep. In this study, we measured the periodic patterns of the normal nasal cycle, not only during wakefulness...

background & aim : mother-infant separation is one of the main causes of sleep-wake states disorders in neonatal intensive care unit (nicu). the current study was conducted to investigate the effect of in-arms-holding by mothers on sleep-wake states disorders of preterm neonates. methods & materials : in a pilot study, through a semi-experimental pretest-posttest method, 35 preterm neonates wit...

Sleep is a poorly understood behavior that predominates during infancy but is studied almost exclusively in adults. One perceived impediment to investigations of sleep early in ontogeny is the absence of state-dependent neocortical activity. Nonetheless, in infant rats, sleep is reliably characterized by the presence of tonic (i.e., muscle atonia) and phasic (i.e., myoclonic twitching) componen...