Avian coronavirus is the causative agent of infectious bronchitis in chickens, leading to multisystemic disease that might be controlled if adequate vaccine strains are used. This paper reports the first complete genome sequence of a Brazil type of this virus (27,615 nucleotides [nt]) isolated from the kidneys of a chicken.

We have developed a reverse genetics system for the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in which a full-length cDNA corresponding to the IBV genome is inserted into the vaccinia virus genome under the control of a T7 promoter sequence. Vaccinia virus as a vector for the full-length IBV cDNA has the advantage that modifications can be introduced into the IBV cDNA using homologous...

General theories on the inactivation of viruses in the presence of a concentrated protein, such as the allantoic fluid of chicken eggs, are not useful. That is, although sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide are generally known as strong virucidal agents, they do not sufficiently inactivate viruses in allantoic fluid. We found that benzalkonium chloride (BC) is an effective virucidal agent a...

This study describes the isolation, serotyping and genotyping of 54 infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) cases predominantly in KwaZulu-Natal and compared to several isolates from other South African provinces between 2011 and 2012 and several historic isolates. The results indicate the division of isolates into two different genotypes of IBV within the province, Massachusetts (Mass)-like and QX-l...

Concanavalin A-Sandwich ELISA (Con A-S-ELISA) was developed for the detection of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) or chicken specific anti-viral antibodies. The antigen detection limit for the Con A-S-ELISA was 10(5,1) EID(50)/mL. Three homologous and four heterologous IBV strains were similarly detected. This assay was highly effective in detecting the virus after infected tissue homogenates ...

Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a member of the group III coronaviruses, which differ from the other groups of coronaviruses in that they do not encode the essential pathogenic factor nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1) and instead start with nsp2. IBV nsp2 is one of the first replicase proteins to be translated and processed in the viral life cycle; however, it has an entirely unknown fu...

An in-depth molecular study of infectious bronchitis viruses (IBV) with particular interest in evolutionary aspects of IBV in Spain was carried out in the present study based on the S1 gene molecular characterization of twenty-six Spanish strains isolated over a fourteen-year period. Four genotypes were identified based on S1 gene sequence analyses and phylogenetic studies. A drastic virus popu...

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) represents one of the poultry industry major threats, particularly in high density producing countries. The emergence and spread of new IBV genotypes have frustrated the various disease control efforts implemented over time. Despite that, few comprehensive and large scale studies have been performed to understand the international and local spreading dynamics o...

The comparison of the conventional (aimed at the UTR’3 fragment) and nested RT-PCR (aimed at the N gene fragment) based methods revealed that nested PCR was about 1000 times more sensitive for the detection of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Molecular differentiation of 793/B, D274, and Mass IBV types was also achieved in multiplex nested PCR. Eight from nine studied Polish isolates had the ...