BACKGROUND Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in persons older than 50 years are rarely studied because STDs are more common in young people. AIM To study the distribution and types of STDs in older persons, defined in our study as individuals aged 50 years or older. METHOD Retrospective analysis of surveillance data for diseases notified under the Infectious Disease Act, which include sy...

Although Kawasaki disease (KD), which was first reported in the 1960s, is assumed to be infectious, its aetiological agent(s) remains unknown. We compared the geographical distribution of the force of infection and the super-annual periodicity of KD and seven other paediatric infectious diseases in Japan. The geographical distribution of the force of infection, which was estimated as the invers...

Dengue virus is transmitted from person to person through the biting of infected Aedes Aegypti mosquitoes. DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 and DEN-4 are four serotypes of this virus. Infection with one of these four serotypes apparently produces permanent immunity to it, but only temporary cross immunity to the others. The length of time during incubation of dengue virus in human and mosquito are considere...

A literature review was conducted to assess the spatiotemporal trend and diversity of infectious agents that were newly found in pigs between 1985 and 2010. We identified 173 new variants from 91 species, of which 73 species had not been previously described in pigs. These new species, of which one third was zoonotic, were taxonomically diverse. They were identified throughout the study period,...

In a previous randomised controlled trial, we found that glutamine-enriched enteral nutrition in 102 very low birthweight (VLBW) infants decreased both the incidence of serious infections in the neonatal period and the risk of atopic dermatitis during the first year of life. We hypothesised that glutamine-enriched enteral nutrition in VLBW infants in the neonatal period influences the risk of a...

A model for the spread of an infectious disease in a population with constant recruitment of new susceptibles, developed in previous work, is further analyzed in the case that disease survivors are permanently immune and that the disease dynamics are much faster than the demographic dynamics. Though the model allows for arbitrarily many stages of infection, all of which have general length dist...

Using mortality data from National Institute of Statistics in Spain, we analyzed trends of infectious disease mortality rates in Spain during 1980-2011 to provide information on surveillance and control of infectious diseases. During the study period, 628,673 infectious disease-related deaths occurred, the annual change in the mortality rate was -1.6%, and the average infectious disease mortali...

background: bio aerosols include airborne micro-organisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, etc and their products. exposure to a bio aerosol is linked with a broad spectrum of health problems, including infectious diseases, acute toxic effects, allergies, and cancer. the aim of this study was to evaluate the quality and quantity of bio aerosols found in the air of different wards in valiasr ho...

Infectious video watermarking (IVW) is to embed the first watermark in encoder/decoder for the protection of video contents and to infect the watermark in different codecs whenever video contents are copied or edited. This paper presents an infectious reversible video watermarking for fast infection in the infectious watermarking model (IWM). Our method is designed by following main features. T...

We instigated an enhanced voluntary surveillance system to determine the epidemiology of infectious syphilis in Auckland because it is not a notifiable condition. The study took place over a 12-month period from July 2006 to July 2007. We identified 92 cases of infectious syphilis, of which 71 were male (77%). Forty-four (48%) cases were in men who have sex with men, who made up the biggest pro...