conclusions the study findings indicate that short-term exercises had no significant effect on the ratio of vmo to vl muscle fiber angles in patients with pfps. results there were no significant differences in the muscle strength and fiber angle of the vmo, vl oblique and longus muscles after training between the control and experimental groups (p > 0.05). patients and methods thirty-five subje...

The purpose of this study is to know clinical factors underlying either a single surgery or repetitive surgeries, required to treat superior oblique muscle palsy. Retrospective review was made on 246 consecutive patients with idiopathic (n = 212) or acquired (n = 34) superior oblique muscle palsy who underwent surgeries in 8 years at one institution. Idiopathic palsy included congenital and dec...

background: considering that complications and outcome of each method of pediatric inguinal hernia repair are one of the determinants for pediatric surgeons for selection of the appropriate surgical technique, we compared the early and late complications of two inguinal repair techniques, with and without opening the external oblique muscle fascia. materials and methods: in this double-blind cl...

Direct oblique sagittal CT was used to evaluate trauma to 77 orbits. Sixty-seven orbital wall fractures with intact orbital rims (36 floor, 22 medial wall, nine roof) were identified in 47 orbits. Since persistent diplopia and/or enophthalmos may warrant surgical repair of orbital floor fractures, optimal imaging should include an evaluation of extraocular muscle status, the nature and amount o...

The superior oblique tendon sheath syndrome was first described by Brown (I950), who noted that many cases of apparent congenital paresis of the inferior oblique muscle had restricted elevation in adduction on passive duction testing. At operation he observed thickening of the anterior part of the superior oblique tendon sheath, and whern this was stripped away a full range of passive movements...

The superior oblique tendon sheath syndrome was first described by Brown (I950), who noted that many cases of apparent congenital paresis of the inferior oblique muscle had restricted elevation in adduction on passive duction testing. At operation he observed thickening of the anterior part of the superior oblique tendon sheath, and whern this was stripped away a full range of passive movements...

The purpose of this study was to develop a series of stereoscopic anatomical images of the eye and orbit for use in the curricula of medical schools and residency programs in ophthalmology and other specialties. Layer-by-layer dissection of the eyelid, eyeball, and orbit of a cadaver was performed by an ophthalmologist. A stereoscopic camera system was used to capture a series of anatomical vie...