BACKGROUND Informal care is common in many countries, especially in Greece, where families provide care in hospitals. Health education and informational needs are important factors for family members which are often underestimated by nursing staff. The aim of this study was to compare the perceptions of the nurses and the in-hospital informal caregivers about the in-hospital informal caregivers...

Uninterrupted morphogenesis shows the informational potentials of biological organisms. Experimentally disturbed morphogenesis shows the compensational dynamics of the biological informational system, which is the rich informational redundancy. In this paper, we use these data to describe morphogenesis in terms of the development of supracellular levels of the organism, and we define complex ep...

The present study suggests that the idea that Stroop interference originates from multiple components may gain theoretically from integrating two independent frameworks. The first framework is represented by the well-known notion of "semantic gradient" of interference and the second one is the distinction between two types of conflict - the task and the informational conflict - giving rise to t...

This article analyzes the possibilities of neural nets composed of neurons – the summators of continuously varied impulse frequencies characterized by non-linearity N , when informational operations of fuzzy logic are performed. According to the facts of neurobiological research the neurons are divided into stellate and pyramidal ones, and their functional-static characteristics are presented. ...

Why would the US threaten punitive tariffs on luxury autos to implement a market share target in auto parts? We show that by making threats to a linked market, a market share target may be implemented with fairly weak informational and administrative requirements. Moreover, such policies can be both pro-competitive and advantageous to US firms. ( 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. ...

Although gossip serves several important social functions, it has relatively infrequently been the topic of systematic investigation. In two experiments, we advance a cognitive-informational approach to gossip. Specifically, we sought to determine which informational components engender gossip. In Experiment 1, participants read brief passages about other people and indicated their likelihood t...

This paper challenges the prevailing view that strict informational lobbying (in the absence of political contributions and evidence distortion) leads to better policy outcomes. Key to our analysis is the fact that policymakers are constrained on the number of issues they can address, which forces them to prioritize issues. We show how interest groups advocating reform on less-important issues ...

In this paper, we investigate whether an increase in analyst monitoring, which improves the informational efficiency of stock prices, necessarily translates into firms’ managers taking more value-enhancing decisions (“real efficiency”). We show that when the manager’s compensation is tied to stock prices, then an increase in analyst monitoring weakens managerial incentives by making the firm’s ...

This article proposes an informational perspective on comparison consequences in social judgment. It is argued that to understand the variable consequences of comparison, one has to examine what target knowledge is activated during the comparison process. These informational underpinnings are conceptualized in a selective accessibility model that distinguishes 2 fundamental comparison processes...