We tested the hypothesis that infusion of ascorbic acid (AA), a potent antioxidant, would alter vasodilator responses to exercise in human obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetSyn). Forearm blood flow (FBF, Doppler ultrasound) was measured in lean, obese, and MetSyn adults (n = 39, 32 ± 2 yr). A brachial artery catheter was inserted for blood pressure monitoring and local infusion of AA. FBF was ...

OBJECTIVE: Hyperglycemia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients following coronary artery bypass grafting. Tight glycemic control in perioperative period can reduce these events. The goal of this study was to determine whether combination of continuous infusion and subcutaneous glargine as a basal insulin could improve glycemic control. MATERIAL AND METHODS:...

The emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms coupled with an alarming scarcity of new antibiotic classes in the pipelines of the pharmaceutical industry has forced the healthcare community to optimize the therapeutic potential of currently available antibiotics. The primary determinant of -lactam efficacy is the duration of time in which the nonprotein-bound drug concentration (fT) exceeds th...

Latamoxef (LMOX, Moxalactam) is one of the beta-lactam antibiotics which is stable against beta-lactamase. In this study, the antibacterial activity of LMOX was investigated, and Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to determine the appropriate dosing regimens of LMOX against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae. The probability of target attainment (PTA) was ana...

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY Continuous-rate infusions (CRI) of lidocaine are often used for prolonged duration but, to date, only limited time/concentration relationships administered as a short term (24 h) CRI have been reported. OBJECTIVE To determine the time/concentration profile of lidocaine and its active metabolites glycinexylidide (GX) and monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) during a 96 ...

BACKGROUND The use of insulin pumps is rapidly increasing and new, technologically more advanced pumps are continuously being developed. It is of interest to assess the clinical relevance of the many technical features of these pumps, e.g., the effect on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics with change in infusion rate. METHOD The aim of this study was to explore the sequence of pharmacokine...

Objective: To compare the incidence rate of carboplatin hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) in gynecologic cancer patients receiving one-hour or two-hour carboplatin retreatment infusions. Setting: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial. Methods: Recurrent gynecologic cancer patients 25 to 80-years of age who were scheduled to receive carboplatin retreatment after previously receiving at least...

PURPOSE In order to identify methods for preventing phlebitis caused by intravenous administration of vinorelbine (VNR), we established a procedure for estimating the severity of phlebitis in an animal model. METHODS Four different factors (administration rate, dilution, flushing, and infusion of fat emulsion) were evaluated for alleviation of phlebitis caused by VNR infusion. VNR was diluted...

Tumour-induced hypercalcemia (TIH) and pain from bone metastases are common complications of advanced malignancy and have a significant negative impact on quality of life. Many cancer patients in the advanced stages of their palliative illness prefer to avoid hospitalization and to receive their care in the community setting. This small open-label prospective pilot study explored the feasibilit...

OBJECTIVE Infusion reactions are common adverse reactions associated with antibody preparations. However, no studies have examined the time to onset of serious infusion reactions after administering cetuximab. We aimed to investigate the timing and severity of IRs affecting Japanese patients after administration of cetuximab. METHODS Study subjects were identified from a nationwide prospectiv...