In this work the propagation of small surface flaws in polycrystalline ceramics has been computer-simulated in the case of dynamic fatigue. Local effective critical stress intensity factors and subcritical crack growth have been taken into account. It is shown that the rupture stress remains constant with varying initial flaw size in a large size domain. The results are compared and discussed w...

Nucleation and growth of Si nanowires by laser ablation and thermal evaporation of Si powder sources mixed with SiO2 have been investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy. At the initial nucleation stage, Si oxide vapor condensed on the substrate and formed Si nanoparticles ~the nuclei of nanowires!. Each Si nanowire nucleus consisted of a polycrystalline Si core containing a high...

Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM) has advantages over conven tional light microscopy and electron microscopy. In particular the possibility to perform optical section ing, allowing the disturbance free observation of the three-dimensional internal structure, offers new possibilities in microstructural studies of food sys tems. The technique is further considered to be very valuable in t...

Phase separation simulation study related to cellulose acetate-water-acetone has been done. Results show that porous asymmetric and symmetric membranes can be produced by changing the nonsolvent concentration or by the drying conditions without altering the polymer content using dry-casting process. Dry-casting process is the process in which complete evaporation of solvent and nonsolvent takes...

To realize the high-efficiency and high-performance manufacture of complex high-web panels, this paper introduced electric pulse current (EPC) into the stress relaxation aging forming process of 2219 aluminum alloy and systematically studied the effects of EPC, stress, and aging time upon the microstructure and properties of 2219 aluminum alloy. It is discovered that: (a) EPC greatly enhanced t...

It is well known that material chemistry and processing dictate material microstructure and microstructure influences properties and performance of materials. Consequently, quantitative characterization and statistical representation of microstructure are of considerable importance in materials science. Microstructure is essentially a collection of three-dimensional volumes (for example, grains...

We examine both the Evolutionary Structural Optimisation (ESO) and Solid Isotropic Microstructure with Penalisation (SIMP) methodologies by investigating a cantilever tie-beam. Initially, both ESO and SIMP produce designs with higher objective function values relative to a previously published ‘intuitive’ design. However, after careful investigation of the numerical parameters such as the initi...

Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM) has advantages over conven tional light microscopy and electron microscopy. In particular the possibility to perform optical section ing, allowing the disturbance free observation of the three-dimensional internal structure, offers new possibilities in microstructural studies of food sys tems. The technique is further considered to be very valuable in t...

Both clays and calcium silicate hydrates(the main hydration products of Portland cements) exhibit a microstructure made up of lamellar particles. The microscopic mechanism responsible for the macroscopic creep of such materials is often described as the relative sliding of the sheets. This paper proposes a micromechanical approach to estimate the macroscopic creep behavior rising from this micr...

In this study, we report an effective approach, pre-solid solution (SS) treatment, to reduce the in-vitro bio-degradation rate of the hydrothermal-synthesizing coated Mg-2Zn-Mn-Ca-Ce alloy in Hanks' solution. Pre-SS treatment alters the microstructure of alloys, which benefits the corrosion resistances of the substrate itself and the formed coating as well. The micro-galvanic corrosion between ...