A growing community of long time horizon institutional investors that includes sovereign wealth funds, pension funds, and other beneficiary institutions located in cities outside of the major international financial centers (IFCs), is pushing back against the misaligned incentives and power asymmetries present in the for-profit asset management industry. This expanding group of beneficiary inst...

Research on income inequality and finance has become an increasingly popular research area in the post-crisis period. Fully modified (FMOLS) dynamic OLS (DOLS) co-integrated regression models are employed to empirically explore estimate long run co-integration vector for non-stationary panels between 2000 2016. The study finds that a NMS-11 with relatively lower integrated international financi...

In response to questions about the relative importance of different types capital flow for international competitiveness, we develop a structural vector auto-regressive model real exchange rate and flows. We reveal that innovations speculative sentiment cause changes in competitiveness. report speculation replaces effect equity, bond most interest effect. The results show is an important contri...

In advice given to emerging market economies (EMEs), it is often emphasised that having developed financial markets would both enable them to manage capital flows more efficiently, thereby reducing the need to intervene in the foreign exchange markets, and allow for more effective monetary policy. But despite their evident benefits, it is also the case that developed financial markets can compl...

In traditional study of supply chain management, people mainly consider the decisions from perspective of the operations management, such as, capacity, inventory, ordering level, pricing, etc., and often ignore to consider the impact of financial flow within the supply chain. However, the key function of supply chain management is concerned with the coordination of material flows, information f...

HE increased integration of the world’s monetary, fiscal, and trade policies has led to a growing need for the international harmonization of economic statistics. Accordingly, the System of National Accounts 1993 (SNA) was developed by the international community in order to facilitate international comparisons of national economic statistics and to serve as a guide for countries as they develo...

“Contagion: 1. a. Disease transmission by direct or indirect contact. b. A disease that is or may be transmitted by direct or indirect contact; a contagious disease. c. The direct cause, such as a bacterium or virus, of a communicable disease. 2. Psychology: The spread of a behavior pattern, attitude, or emotion from person to person or group to group through suggestion, propaganda, rumor, or i...